风化煤施用对黄土高原露天煤矿区复垦土壤理化性质的影响研究  

Physicochemical Properties of Reclaimed Soil with Weathered Coal in Open Cast Mining Areas of Loess Plateau

作　　者：李华[1] 李永青[1] 沈成斌 尹建平[2] 贺振伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030006 [2]平朔煤炭工业公司公共关系部,山西朔州036006

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第5期1752-1756,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“风化煤对黄土区煤矿复垦土壤改良与植被恢复的影响及作用机理研究”(40501071)

摘　　要：针对黄土高原露天煤矿区复垦土壤存在的土体构造不良、土壤养分极度贫乏等问题,通过野外分区试验,以风化煤为修复介质,研究刺槐种植后露天煤矿区复垦土壤理化性质的变化。结果表明,不同量风化煤施用后,各土层土壤团聚体的质量、水稳性团聚体含量及土壤阳离子交换量均有不同程度改善;0～20cm土层土壤有机质、腐殖质含量显著提高,且明显高于20～40cm土层;20～40cm土层土壤有机质,腐殖质无显著改善。风化煤施用使土壤pH有所降低,但效果不显著。随着改良时间延长,0～20cm土层各理化指标均有改善;20～40cm土层除有机质、腐殖质无显著变化外其他指标均有改善。总体来看,风化煤施加量为27000kg·hm-2时改良效果最佳。Problems of reclaimed soil exist in the Loess Plateau opencast mine area such as bad soil structure and extreme poverty in soil nutrients and so on, Using field experiment, weathered coal was chosen in this research as repair media. Effect of weathered coal on physicochemical properties of reclaimed soil after planting Robiniapseucdoacacia was studied in this experiment. Results showed that application of weathered coal could significantly improve the quality of soil aggregates, increase the content of water stable aggregates and cation exchange capacity in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layer. The organic matter and humus in 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly improved at the same time. The content of organic matter and humus in 0-20 cm soil layer were higher than it in 20-40 cm soil layer, and effects of amendments on organic matter and humus in 20-40 cm soil layer were not obvious. Change of pH was not obvious with weathered coal application. The effects of amendments on physicochemical properties in 0-20 cm soil layer were more significant as the amendment time longing. Except organic matter and humus, effects of amendments on physicochemical properties in 20-40 cm soil layer had same trend with 0-20 cm soil layer. In conclusion, physicochemical properties of reclaimed soil were improved with weathered coal application. And the best application amount of weathered coal for reclaimed soil improvement in the loess plateau opencast mine area was 27 000 kg·hm^-2.

关 键 词：风化煤 矿区土壤 理化性质 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]