油田落地原油污染物对玉米影响的研究  

Influence of Ground Crude Oil from Oil Field on Corn Growth and the Contents

作　　者：曹文钟[1] 晋玉亮[2] 王鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院城市与土木工程学科部,广东深圳518055 [3]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第5期1935-1939,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘　　要：通过现场采样对落地原油污染的农田玉米进行了监测分析,并采用模拟试验方法,研究了落地原油对玉米的影响。结果表明,落地原油污染的农田和试验农田,玉米中石油总烃和芳烃质量分数明显地高于背景对照玉米,分别相对增加41.2%、30.4%和35.8%和48.2%;玉米中硫化物、苯并[a]芘含量和背景农田玉米相比差别不大;玉米中酚类含量增加不明显。试验玉米的株高、千粒重、蛋白质在土壤中原油浓度为200￣800mg·kg-1时,均有所增加,但当原油浓度高于某阈值时,对玉米生长发育和营养成分合成有抑制作用;对淀粉含量各浓度组普遍明显地增加,脂肪含量各浓度组差别不明显,无规律性。Field corns contaminated by the ground crude oil were monitored and a simulation experiment was carried out to study the effect of ground crude oil on corn. The results indicated that the corn growth and the synthesis of nutrition were accelerated when the content of crude oil in soil was lower thanl 600 mg·kg^-1, but they were restrained by the crude oil of more than 1 600 mg·kg^-1. The average plant height and grain weight increased by 2.2% and 1.1%, the content of protein and starch increased by 14.1% and 20.5% respectively when the concentration of crude oil in soil is 200-800 mg·kg^-1, while, they decreased to some extent by the crude oil of 3 000 mg·kg^-1. Compared the cropland polluted by ground oil with the normal cropland, we found that the plant height, grain weight and the content of protein in the polluted field decreased by 8.7%, 6.9% and 7.4% respectively. The ground crude oil had no significant effect on the content of sulfide in the corn. The content of TPHs, aromatic hydrocarbon and phenols in the polluted corns and test corns were obviously higher than those of the normal corns, increasing by 41.2%, 30.4%, 18.4% and 35.8%, 48.2%, 17.8% respectively. The content of TPHs and aromatic hydrocarbon in the test corns increased with the concentration of crude oil in soil, and there was an obviously linear correlation between them. The content of phenols, benzopyrene[a] and sulfide changed a little and did not show linear correlations with the concentration of crude oil in soil.

关 键 词：落地原油 玉米 模拟试验 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]