石羊河流域近45年气温和降水特征分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics of Temperature and Precipitation in the Shiyang River Basin since Recent 45 Years

作　　者：李玲萍[1,2] 杨永龙 钱莉 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省武威市气象局,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2008年第5期705-710,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目“西部开发科技行动”;国家科技重大项目“祁连山空中云水资源开发利用研究”第01子专题“祁连山地区地形云形成过程和催化作用试验研究”武威子专题(2004BA901A16)

摘　　要：利用1961-2005年石羊河流域上游(古浪)、中游(凉州区)、下游(民勤)当地气象站的气温、降水资料,分析了石羊河流域的气候变化特征。结果表明:45年来,流域气温总体呈上升趋势,20世纪60-80年代气温呈降低的趋势,而90年代开始到21世纪初气温呈上升趋势。年平均气温的升高主要是冬季和秋季增温的贡献。降水总体上呈相对增多趋势,上、中、下游降水的年代际变化呈现出不同的特点,降水分布不均。流域内降水量夏季最多,秋季次之,冬季最少;石羊河流域平均气温异常偏暖集中在90年代末到21世纪初,异常偏冷集中在60年代末;石羊河流域降水异常偏多出现在70年代和90年代,异常偏少出现在60年代。In this paper, the change characteristics of air temperature and precipitation in the Shiyang River Basin since recent 45 years are analyzed based on the meteorological data observed by the local meteorological stations at the upper reaches （ Gulang）, middle reaches （ Liangzhou District） and lower reaches （Minqin） during the period of 1961 -2005. The results show that temperature in the drainage basin has generally been in an increase trend since recent 45 years, it decreased during the period from the 1960s to the 1980s,but increased during the period from the 1990s to the early 21st century. The seasonal temperature was in a decrease trend during the period from the 1960s to the 1980s,but increased during the period from the 1990s to the early 21st century. The temperature increase in the drainage basin was mainly contributed by the temperature increase in autumn and winter. Precipitation was in a relative increase trend, and its decadal change was different in the upper, middle and lower reaches. Precipitation increase in the Shiyang River Basin was the highest in summer, then in autumn, and it was the least in winter. The warm events in the drainage basin occurred mainly during the period from the end-1990s to the early 21st century, and the cold ones occurred mainly in the end-1960s; the precipitation increase occurred mainly in the 1970s and the 1990s, and its decrease occurred mainly in the 1960s.

关 键 词：气候变化 气温 降水 石羊河流域 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]