超高产冬小麦硫素营养特点的初步研究  

Preliminary Study on the Characteristics of Sulfur Nutrition in Super High-Yielding Winter Wheat

作　　者：党红凯[1] 李雁鸣[1] 孙亚辉[1] 张馨文[1] 李瑞奇[1] 马春英[1] 孟建[1] 刘红彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第5期811-818,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家"十五"科技重大专项和"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目"粮食丰产科技工程"河北省课题(2004BA520A07;2006BAD02A08);河北农业大学9816重点科技项目

摘　　要：为明确超高产（9000 kg/ha左右）冬小麦的硫素营养特点，于2004-2006年冬小麦生长期间，在超高产田取样研究了超高产冬小麦硫素吸收、积累和分配规律。结果表明，小麦不同器官中的硫含量为0.27%-0.76%（干重）。不同器官比较，除拔节期以茎秆含硫量最高外，其他时期几乎均以叶片含硫量最高。同器官不同时期比较，各器官均以新发生时含硫量较高。叶片的含硫量从越冬期到孕穗期一直增加，孕穗期以后逐渐下降，其他器官从发生以后含硫量即逐渐下降，各器官均以成熟期含硫量最低。生育前中期不同器官硫的积累量均以叶片最高，生育后期以籽粒最高。冬小麦对硫的吸收强度为单峰趋势，拔节到孕穗期最高。小麦植株硫的吸收积累量随生育进程而增加，起身期以前吸收较少，拔节到开花期稳定增加，开花后吸收减弱。不同品种的硫素积累量陆续在开花到灌浆中期达到最大值。硫的累积吸收量在越冬前、起身、拔节、孕穗、开花或开花后10 d及成熟期依次达到全生育期的10%、20%、40%、80%、100%左右和85%，即硫的阶段吸收量以生育中期（起身至开花）最高，前期（出苗至起身）次之，后期（开花至成熟）最低。小麦一生对硫的总积累量为62.49-79.09 kg/ha，冬前至拔节期主要分布在叶片和叶鞘中，尤以叶片中分配比例最高，孕穗至灌浆期在叶片和茎秆中分配较多，成熟期籽粒中分配比例最高。In order to clarify the characteristics of sulfur（S） nutrition in winter wheat with a grain yield about 9 000 kg/ha,field experiments were conducted in Gaocheng County,Hebei Province during 2004-2006 winter wheat growing periods.The main results showed that,the concentration of S in various organs of wheat ranged from 0.27%-0.76% of DW.The concentration of S in leaf blades was always the highest among all organs at various growing stages,but with an exception at jointing stage when the S concentration in stem was the highest.Comparison of S concentration in the same organs among different phenophases showed that,the concentration of S was high when the organs were newly occurred.The S content in leaf blades increased from seedling to booting stage,then decreased gradually.The S concentration in other organs decreased after they occurred.The S concentration in all organs was the lowest at maturity stage.The accumulation amounts of S in leaf blades during early and middle stages were higher than those in other organs,but the accumulation of S in grains were the highest during late stage.The absorption intensity of S by wheat plants was a single peak curve,with the highest intensity during jointing to booting stages,when was the critical period of S requirement.The accumulation amount of S by wheat plants increased with the growing process.The absorption of S was small before double ridge,and evenly increased from jointing to anthesis,then decreased.The accumulation amount of S by different wheat varieties reached the highest value at anthesis to middle milk maturity.The accumulative percentage of S at the stages of pre-winter,double ridge,jointing,booting,0 or 10 days after anthesis,and maturity reached 10%,20%,40%,80%,100%,and 85% of the total accumulation,respectively.The accumulation intensity of S during middle growing period（double ridge to anthesis） was the highest,and then that during early growing period（seedling emergence to double ridge）,with that during late growing period（anthesis to matur

关 键 词：冬小麦 超高产 硫 吸收 积累 分配 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311