从归纳逻辑视角解读人工智能的哲学意蕴——普特南人工智能思想窥探  

Reading of the Philosophical Sense of Artificial Intelligence from the Perspective of Inductive Logic——Inquire of the Artificial Intelligence Thought of Putnam

作　　者：李蒙[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学系,天津300071

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2008年第9期12-16,共5页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：教育部重大攻关课题"现代归纳逻辑的创新功能与应用及其认知基础研究"(项目批准号:05JZD0008)系列成果之一

摘　　要：普特南探究了人工智能的发展历程,认为图灵是在哥德尔和杰克斯赫伯德工作的基础上重新构造了计算概念并且发明了计算机模型。计算机科学和人工智能不是等同的,我们应从原则和经验两个层次来看待将大脑思维模拟为数字计算机的思想。归纳推理面临的问题给人工智能研究带来很多的启示。人类本质活动不必然是人工智能的本质活动。即使大脑的计算机模型是正确的,我们也不能断言人工智能就会成功。因为,计算机模型不能够模拟人类总体的知识能力,对于人类认知的研究并不必然要求我们将认知要么还原为计算要么还原为大脑程序,我们可以很成功地发现大脑的理论模型,这有助于我们更好地理解大脑的工作机制,但是这并不要求我们必须借助于心理学。Putnam has studied the development process of artificial intelligence, pointing out that Turing reformulated the notion of computability and invented the computer model based on the work of Godel and Jacques Herbrand. Computer science is not the same thing as artificial intelligence. We should investigate the thought that simulates the human thinking as digital computer in principle and in practice. The problems facing inductive reasoning cast insight of the inquire of artificial intelligence. Human natural activity is not necessarily natural activity of artificial intelligence. Even if the computer model of the brain is correct,it does not follow that AI will succeed because computer model can not simulate total human intellectual capacity. There is no reason why the study of human cognition requires that we reduce cognition either to computations or to brain process. We are able to succeed in discovering theoretical models of the brain which increase our understanding of how the brain works,but this does not need the help of psychology.

关 键 词：人工智能 归纳逻辑 全能程序 计算机模型 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]