高拱坝坝身表孔和深孔水流无碰撞泄洪消能试验研究  

Experimental study on energy dissipation of flood discharge in high arch dams without impact of jets in air

作　　者：李乃稳[1] 许唯临[1] 周茂林[1] 田忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水利学报》2008年第8期927-933,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会;二滩水电开发有限责任公司雅砻江水电开发联合研究基金项目(50539060);国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(50325928);国家重点基础研究"973"项目(2007CB714105)

摘　　要：宽尾墩和窄缝收缩式消能工具有使水流横向收缩、垂向扩散及纵向拉长的功能。本文将宽尾墩和窄缝挑坎分别应用于高拱坝坝身表深孔,并对表孔和深孔出口不同体型组合进行了联合泄洪消能效果的模型试验研究。试验结果表明,当表孔采用宽尾墩、深孔采用窄缝挑坎时,获得了窄长的下泄水流流态,表孔和深孔水舌空中相互穿插下落,不发生碰撞,不仅实现了无碰撞消能的目的,有助于降低泄洪雾化的强度,而且水垫塘底板冲击动压减小。本消能方式可以充分利用下游河道的纵向空间,特别适合于狭窄河谷中的高拱坝坝身泄洪。The model tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of combined flood discharge of surface spillways and mid-level outlets without impact of jets occurred in air. The results showed that the plunging jets of surface spillways and mid-level outlets can be narrowed and lengthened by applying the flaring piers and slit-type bucket respectively without impact happened to the jets. By using this technology the atomization of flood discharge of the spillways can be minimized and the maximum time averaged impinging pressure acting on the bottom of the plunge pool can be reduced remarkably. This design idea of flood releasing construction is suitable for the high arch dams located at narrow valleys

关 键 词：高拱坝 宽尾墩 窄缝挑坎 泄洪消能 无碰撞 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]