2005年我国西南地区干辣椒氟污染状况调查  

Investigation on the fluoride contamination status of dried chili in Southwest China in 2005

作　　者：李波[1] 李社红[1] 刘晓静[1] 王明国[1] 胡军[1] 雷磊[1] 郑宝山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2008年第5期521-523,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（40473047）;国家重大基础研究前期研究专项（2006CB708513）;贵州省自然科学基金（黔科合J字[2006]2015号）

摘　　要：目的了解我国西南地区干辣椒氟水平，为辣椒氟污染防治措施的制订提供参考依据。方法从我国西南9个地区76个县（市）的市场、农户家采集干辣椒样品，记录其干燥方式、储存时间；按照Bailey标准进行分类，用离子选择电极法测定辣椒总含氟量，用水浸超声法和酸性超声法测定辣椒中氟的赋存状态即含水溶性氟和酸溶性氟的量。根据辣椒的品种、部位、干燥方式、储存时间以及氟的赋存状态．对于辣椒样品的测定数据进行分析。结果共采集干辣椒样品296个，含氟量（几何均数）为19．6mg／kg。辣椒样品分为樱桃椒、圆锥椒、长椒、簇生椒4种，含氟量范围分别为1．7—233．4、3．4～367．3、2．0～380．3、3．9—104．0mg／kg，含氟量（几何均数）由高到低依次为樱桃椒（25．9mg／kg）、长椒（20．3mg／kg）、圆锥椒（19．5mg／kg）、簇生椒（15．3mg／kg）。干辣椒中含水溶性氟为15．2mg／kg，约占全氟的77．5％（15．2／19．6）；酸溶性氟为18．2mg／kg，占全氟的93．0％（18．2／19．6）。不同干燥方式、贮存时间干辣椒含氟量（几何均数）由低到高依次为当年晒干（10．9mg／kg）、往年晒干（13．7mg／kg）、当年煤火烘干（21．4mg／kg）、往年煤火烘干（53．9mg／kg）。结论辣椒的干燥与储存方式不当是导致辣椒氟污染的主要原因。Objective To determine the fluoride contents in dried chilies in Southwest China to provide the basis for the prevention of the fluoride contamination in chili. Methods The dried chili samples collected from the markets and farmers in 76 counties of 9 regions in Southwest China. Their dehydration methods and storage time were investigated. These dried chilies were classified by Bailey＇ Criteria. The total fluorine content in chili were determined with ion selective electrodes, fluoride forms with acid-soluble ultrasonic and water-soluble ultrasonic methods. Based on the differences of chili variety, edible part, dehydration method, storage time and fluoride form, a systemic statistics of the fluoride content in dried chili was established. Results There were 296 dried chili samples collected from 76 counties of 9 regions. The geometric mean of fluoride content in dried chili was 19.6 mg/kg; The dried chili samples were classified into 4 types： cherry chili, corn chili, long chili and cluster chili; their ranges of fluoride content in cherry chili, corn chili, long chili and cluster chili were 1.7 - 233.4, 3.4 367.3, 2.0 - 380.3, 3.9 - 104.0 mg/kg, respectively, and the high to low sequence of fluoride content was cherry chili （25.9 mg/kg）, long chili （20.3 mg/kg）, corn chili （19.5 mg/kg） and cluster chili （ 15.3 mg/kg）. The water-soluble fluoride content in dried chili about 27.9 mg/kg occupies 77.5%（15.2/19.6） of total fluoride content and the acid-soluble fluoride content about 33.5 mg/kg reached as high as 93.0% （18.2/19.6）. The high to low sequence of fluoride content in dried chili was the sun-dried stored less than 1 year（ 10.9 mg/kg）, the sun-dried stored more than 1 year （ 13.7 mg/kg）, the furnace-dried stored less than 1 year （21.4 mg/kg）, the furnace-dried stored more than 1 year（53.9 mg/kg）. Conclusions The research shows that inappropriate dehydration method and storage time are the two main reasons leading to fluoride contamination in chili.

关 键 词：辣椒 氟 数据收集 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]