以GH基因多态性探讨中国南北黄牛及牦牛系统  

Study on Phylogenesis of Chinese Southern and Northern Cattle and Yak Based on the Polymorphisms of GH Gene

作　　者：李永红[1] 常洪[1] 耿荣庆[1] 常国斌[1] 宋光明[1] 常春芳[1] 冀德君[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2008年第9期1165-1170,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30571323)

摘　　要：以中心产区典型群随机抽样的方法,采用PCR产物直接测序的方法测定了18头雷琼牛、19头巴音郭楞州蒙古牛和18头巴音郭楞州牦牛GH基因外显子654 bp核苷酸碱基序列,引用GenBank中牛属普通牛、瘤牛、牦牛以及亚洲水牛GH基因同源区资料,作外类群以最大简约(MP)法与邻接(NJ)法构建分子系统发育树。旨在为探讨牛亚科家畜GH基因变异特点、牦牛跟我国南北黄牛关系的亲疏,以及牛亚科物种进化特征提供部分客观依据,适应进化与分子进化之间的关系提供局部的原始试验根据。结果发现雷琼牛GH基因序列中存在3个变异位点,定义了5种单倍型。在巴音郭楞州蒙古牛GH基因序列中存在2个变异位点,定义了4种单倍型。在巴音郭楞州牦牛GH基因序列中存在2个变异位点,定义了3种单倍型。确认GH基因的分化早于普通牛,瘤牛和牦牛的分化,就GH基因本身而言,牦牛与中国南北黄牛的关系无远近之分。Applying simple after randomly sampling 18 Leiqiong cattle,19 Bayingole Menggu cattle and 18 Bayingole yak from typical colony in the central area of their habitats,the exon sequences（654 bp） of GH gene were analyzed by direct sequencing of PCR product.Together with homologous sequences of Bos taurus,Bos indicus,and Bos grunniens,using the sequence of Bubalus bubalis as the outgroup,the phylogenetic trees were constructed by NJ and MP methods respectively.The aim was to explore variation characteristics of GH gene,the relationships between southern and northern cattle of China and yak,and provide some considerable data for the evolution characteristics on Bovidae research and evaluate the relationship between adaptive evolution and molecular evolution research.The results showed that three mutations and five different haplotypes,two mutations and four different haplotypes,two mutations and three different haplotypes were detected in Leiqiong cattle,Bayingole Menggu cattle and Bayingole yak,respectively.Both three results supported almost the same topology,which indicated that GH gene differentiation happened before Bubalus bubalis differentiated from Bos indicus,Bos taurus and Bos grunniens.As to GH gene,the difference between yak and southern,northern cattle of China was not significant.

关 键 词：GH基因 中国南北黄牛 牦牛 系统树 进化分化 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]