南京市学龄前儿童行为问题及其家庭环境影响因素  

Behavior Problems and the Influencing Factors of School Aged Children in Nanjing

作　　者：曲红明[1] 吕伶[1] 李芹[1] 谢海虹[1] 刘静[1] 毛辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属南京市妇幼保健院社区保健科,江苏210004

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2008年第9期810-812,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：南京市卫生局"托幼机构集体儿童心理卫生保健模式的研究"重点项目(编号:ZKX0409)

摘　　要：目的了解学龄前儿童的行为问题及其相关影响因素,为针对性地开展学龄前儿童心理卫生工作提供依据。方法抽取南京市区9所托幼机构1 141名儿童为调查对象,应用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)及心理调查问卷,调查儿童心理行为问题及相关影响因素。结果南京市学龄前儿童行为问题检出率为9.20%,儿童行为问题男女检出比例为1∶2,女童行为问题发生率高于男童,5岁以下女童心理异常发生率高于5岁以上女童。儿童行为问题与父母文化程度密切相关,与母亲孕期精神紧张、孕期有过精神刺激、父母有神经精神疾患、父、母经常责骂孩子、父亲对儿童的关心程度有关;搬家、入园等生活事件与儿童行为问题发生有关;母亲学历、家庭关系融洽是儿童心理健康的保护因素。结论儿童行为问题的发生是环境、社会、家庭、教养等多因素综合作用的结果。应有针对性开展学龄前儿童心理卫生工作,降低儿童心理行为问题发生率。Objective To investigate the situation of children＇s psychological-behavior problem and the relevant influencing factors,and to provide bases for improving educational environments in family and nursery.Methods One thousand one hundred and forty one children from 9 kindergartens in Nanjing were invested with the Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Checklist（CBCL）.Results The prevalence of children with behavior problems was 9.20%,male ： female was 1：2.Positive rate of psychological-behavior problem of girls was higher than boys,especially for girls under 5 years old.The children＇s behavior disorders were related to parents＇ education level,mother＇s anxiety and mental spur in pregnancy,psychotic disorder of parent,parents＇ blame and father＇s care.The prevalence of behavior problem was related to removing and entering kindergarten.Harmony status of family and mother＇s education level were the protective factors.Conclusion The risk factors for children＇s behavior disorders are multiple,such as surroundings,society,family and breeding.Service of mental health care should be developed to decrease the incidence of children＇s behavior problem.

关 键 词：危险行为 家庭特征 因素分析 统计学 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]