渭河关中段洪水资源化潜力评估  

Evaluation of potential of floodwater utilization in the middle and lower reaches of the Weihe River

作　　者：李景宜[1] 石长伟 傅志军[1] 赵昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,宝鸡文理学院,陕西宝鸡721013 [2]陕西渭河流域管理局,陕西秦安河流研究所,西安710016

出　　处：《地理研究》2008年第5期1203-1211,共9页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40501077);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20070410811);陕西省社会科学基金资助项目(06E016Z);陕西省教育厅自然科学基金项目(07JK179,08JZ05)

摘　　要：洪水资源化是实施渭河流域关中段流域资源综合管理和实现区域经济可持续发展的必然要求和重要途径。通过对渭河流域关中段来水来沙丰枯变化规律和河道冲淤特性的分析,从有利于输水输沙减少泥沙淤积考虑,确定渭河中游洪峰2000m3/s、渭河下游段3000m3/s为洪水利用起算标准;依据这一标准,计算出林家村—魏家堡河段平均年可利用洪水水量、洪水沙量分别为4.038×107m3、6.83×106t,魏家堡—咸阳河段平均年可利用洪水水量、洪水沙量分别为为9.139×107m3、6.05×106t,咸阳—华县河段平均年可利用洪水水量、洪水沙量分别为1.617×108m3、1.843×107t;流域综合管理过程中,必须引入风险管理机制,利用优化理论寻找平衡机制,实现流域防洪、供水和生态保护兼顾的最佳效益。Water shortage, flood prevention and disaster mitigation are important problems awaiting to be dealt with in the Weihe River of Shaanxi Province. Under this situation, floodwater utilization would become an important way to realize comprehensive manage- ment of resources and the sustainable development of regional economy. In Guanzhong area which is located at the lower reaches of the Weihe River. The Weihe River is the biggest branch of the Yellow River, passing through Gansu, Ningxia and Shaanxi provinces. The middle reaches of the Weihe River is located in Shaanxi Province, with broad water ways, many shoals and scattered water flow. The lower reaches of the Weihe River is located in Xianyang, with serious channel siltation and small gradient. The flood resulted from heav- y rain is the major disaster in these two areas. In general, the floodwater takes up about 33.1%-39.3% of the total runoff annually; the silt is about 60.1%-74.3%, where all data are mean values. It can be seen that a great deal of water and silt comes from the floodwa- ter. By analyzing features of water, the quantity of silt coming from the upper reaches of the Weihe River, and the channel siltation, we establish the criteria as the initial values to evaluate the floodwater utilization; that is, the flood peak with a velocity of 2000m3/s in the middle reaches of the Weihe River, and that of 3000m3/s in the lower reaches of the Weihe River. According to these criteria, based on calculations we obtain the annual average quantlity of the available floodwater and silt from Linjiacun to Wijiabao is 4. 038×10^7 m3 , and 6.83 ×10^6 t respectively, the quantlity of the available floodwater and silt from Weijiabao to Xianyang is 9. 139 ×10^7m3, and 6.05×10^6t respectively, and the quantlity of the available floodwater and silt from Xianyang to Huaxian is 1. 617 ×10^8m3 , and 1. 843×10^7t, respectively. It is necessary to establish the risk management system to gain the optimal effects of flood prevention, water supply and ecological protectio

关 键 词：渭河 洪水资源化 潜力 评估 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]