不同生长年限紫花苜蓿花期光合特性及其种子生产性能  

The Research on Photosynthetic Characteristics in Blooming Stage and Seed Production of Alfalfa in Different Growing Year

作　　者：张丽妍[1] 杨恒山[1] 葛选良[1] 刘晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028042

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2008年第5期54-58,共5页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(200508010316)

摘　　要：2007年5～8月在地处西辽河平原的内蒙古民族大学实验农场对2年生、3年生、4年生、6年生紫花苜蓿的光合特性及其产量性状进行了研究。结果表明，初花期各生长年限紫花苜蓿净光合速率日变化均呈“双峰型”，有明显的“午休”现象，上午净光合速率明显高于下午。午后净光合速率2年生苜蓿明显高于其它3个生长年限的苜蓿，而6年生苜蓿净光合速率总体上相对较低。叶绿素含量2年生苜蓿最高，其次为6年生苜蓿，3年生、4年生苜蓿较低。光能利用效率除2年生苜蓿午后明显高于其它各生长年限苜蓿外，其余株龄间差异不明显。各生长年限苜蓿水分利用效率均为上午高于下午，平均水分利用效率随生长年限的增加而降低。生物产量以2年生苜蓿最高，且与6年生苜蓿差异达到极显著水平。种子产量4年生、3年生苜蓿均显著高于2年生苜蓿；种子芽率则以4年生、6年生苜蓿较高，2年生、3年生莒蓿较低。The photosynthetic characteristics and yield trait of the two--year, three--year, four--year and six--year alfalfa on the experimental farm of the Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities in Xiliaohe Plain were studied from May to August in 2007. The results showed that, the daily variation of the photo- synthetic rate of alfalfa in different growing year at the initial bloom stage took on ＂two peak type＂, they all had obvious ＂noon depression＂ phenomenon, the net photosynthetic rate in the morning was obviously higher than that in the afternoon. The net photosynthetic rate of the two--year alfalfa was higher than that of other growing years alfalfa, especially in the afternoon, the net photosynthetic rate of the six--year alfalfa was the lowest. The chlorophyll content of the two--year alfalfa was the highest; the second was the six--year alfalfa, the contents of chlorophyll of the three--year and four--year alfalfa were relatively lower. The light utilization efficiency of the two--year alfalfa was obviously higher than other growing year alfalfa in the afternoon, but among other growing years alfalfa the difference was not significant. The water utilization efficiency of the different growing year alfalfa in the morning was all higher than that in the afternoon, the average water utilization efficiency decreased with the increasing of the growing year. The biological yield of the two--year alfalfa was the highest and the difference between that and the bio- logical yield of the six--year alfalfa was extremely remarkable. The seed yields of the three--year and four --year alfalfa were obviously higher than that of the two--year alfalfa; the germination rates of the four-- year alfalfa and six--year alfalfa were higher than those of the two--year alfalfa and three--year alfalfa.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 生长年限 光合特性 种子生产性能 

分 类 号：S541[农业科学—作物学]