蛋白质翻译中的反转运  

Back-translocation in Protein Synthesis

作　　者：秦燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生物物理研究所生物大分子国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2008年第9期973-979,共7页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2006CB910903);国家自然科学基金(30770436)资助项目~~

摘　　要：在蛋白质的翻译过程中,氨酰-tRNA进入核糖体,解密mRNA上的一个密码子,并带着mRNA向其5′的方向运动,直到空载的tRNA离开核糖体,整个过程tRNA在核糖体内始终沿着一个方向运动.但随着LepA(EF4)蛋白的发现和其功能的明确,tRNA在核糖体内的新运动形式——"反转运"被揭示,即tRNA带着mRNA倒退一步,向其3′的方向运动.通过对tRNA反向运动生理意义的研究,引发了对蛋白质翻译调控的深入思考.During the translation process, aminoacyl tRNA enters the ribosome, decoding the codon on the mRNA and brings the mRNA moving forward towards the 5＇ direction of mRNA, until the de-acylated tRNA leaves the ribosome, it moves through the ribosome in one direction. Recently, with the finding and identification of the highly conserved protein LepA, a new kind of tRNA movement inside the ribosome, namely the back-transloation of the tRNAs and mRNA in the direction of mRNA 3＇ is discovered. With the in-depth research, the physiological meaning behind the back-translocation for the translational efficiency and fidelity has been studied.

关 键 词：蛋白质翻译 核糖体 tRNA反转运 LepA(EF4) 

分 类 号：Q71[生物学—分子生物学]