应用聚类分析研究十字珊瑚亚科的分类并探讨其起源与演化  

APPLICATION OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS TO TAXONOMIC STUDIES OF SUBFAMILY STAURIINAE AND DISCUSSIONS ON ITS ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION

作　　者：唐兰[1] 何心一[2] 陈建强[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学资源与环境学院,南宁530004 [2]中国地质大学,北京100083

出　　处：《古生物学报》2008年第3期301-312,共12页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：广西大学博士启动基金资助

摘　　要：具分裂繁殖的十字珊瑚类在我国扬子区兰多维列统(Llandovery)分布广泛,属种繁多,有重要的地层意义,但长期以来关于该类群的分类位置及各属的定义和范围各家意见不一。文章应用Q型聚类分析研究十字珊瑚类的分类,提出十字珊瑚亚科可分为7属,即:Stauria Milne-Edwards et Haime,Cystostauria He et Li,Ceriaster Lindstrm,Eostauria He et Li,Paraceriaster Y.X.He,Parastauria He et Li,Massparaseriaster nom.provis.,对7个属分别给予简要定义。文中对十字珊瑚亚科的起源、演化及扩散进行探讨,并分析各属可能的演化亲缘关系。资料表明,最原始最早期的Eostauria属很可能起源于澳大利亚的新南威尔士晚奥陶世的Palaeophyllum的某一种群,后在早兰多维列世晚期扩散到扬子区,在中兰多维列世的爱隆期(Aeronian)迅速繁衍,产生许多新属种,因而扬子区在兰多维列世是十字珊瑚类的演化中心。除少数类群,如:Eostauria,Ceriaster,Stauria在晚兰多维列世或文洛克世(Wenlock)早期分别迁移到中亚地区和欧洲,多数类群在扬子区晚兰多维列世的早、中期因不适应环境巨变而快速衰亡。The rugose coral of Stauriids with axial increase are widespread and abundant in Llandovery in the Yangtze region, and they are stratigraphically important. But, their taxonomical position and generic definition remain debatable. Through the Q-mode cluster analysis of Stauriinae, we propose that the subfamily Stauriinae may be divided into seven genera. Stauria Milne-Edwards et Haime, Cystostauria He et Li, Parastauria He et Li, Ceriaster Lindstrom, Eostauria He et Li, Paraceriaster Y. X. He and Massparaceriaster nom. provis. The main characteristics of the seven genera have been briefly defined and the origin, evolution and dispersion of subfamily Stauriinae are discussed. Their possible phylogenetic relationship is shown in the text-figure 2. The present material shows that the earliest genus Eostauria was mostly probably derived from Palaeophyllum in the Upper Ordovician in New South Wales, Australia. Some elements of Eostauria may have migrated to the Yangtze region during the Middle Llandovery （Early Aeronian） and then developed rapidly to many new genera and species, such as Stauria, Cystostauria, Parastauria, Ceriaster and Paraceriaster etc. Based on the fact that these genera first appeared in the Yangtze region, we think that the Yangtze region may have been the origin and evolution center for the Stauriinae. However, most groups of Stauriids have become extinct rapidly in late Llandovery or early Telychian, as the ecological environment has undergone great changes in the Yangtze region. Only a few genera including Eostauria, Ceriaster and Stauria were survived and dispersed to central Asia and Europe in Late Llandovery or Wenlock.

关 键 词：四射珊瑚 十字珊瑚亚科 分类 聚类分析 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学] Q951