婴幼儿肾输尿管积水的磁共振尿路成像(附214例分析)  

Evaluation of hydronephrosis and hydroureterosis in infants by magnetic resonance urography(analysis of 214 cases)

作　　者：郑邦豪[1] 叶春涛[2] 嵇鸣[2] 唐平[2] 滑炎卿[2] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院第一附属医院放射科,515041 [2]复旦大学附属华东医院放射科

出　　处：《上海医学影像》2008年第3期210-212,共3页Shanghai Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的评价磁共振尿路成像(MRU)检测婴幼儿肾脏和输尿管积水的价值。方法对214例临床和B超拟诊肾盂或(和)输尿管积水、年龄≤3岁的婴幼儿行磁共振常规扫描和尿路成像(MRU),评价尿路狭窄或闭塞的部位、程度及可能的病因。结果梗阻位于肾盂与输尿管连接处109例,输尿管中段5例,输尿管膀胱入口处100例。重度狭窄122例,轻中度梗阻92例。结合常规T2W扫描,发现合并双肾盂及双输尿管畸形23例,输尿管囊肿13例,肾发育不良7例,输尿管开口异位6例,马蹄肾4例,巨输尿管3例,肾缺如2例,异位肾2例。结论婴幼儿肾和输尿管积水的最常见原因为先天性发育异常,MRU具有无射线辐射及不需造影剂等优点,是上尿路梗阻最佳的检测手段之一。Objective To evaluate diagnostic value of hydronephrosis and hydroueterosis in infants with magnetic resonance urography （MRU）. Methods 214 cases of infants（3 years old or younger） suspected urinary tract obstruction underwent the routine MRI and MRU ex- amination. Results In all cases, the location and degree of hydronephrosis and uretal dilation were clearly showed. Obstruction was located at conjunction of renal pelvis and ureter in 109 cases, at mid-part of ureter in 5 cases, and at ureterovesieal orifice in 100 cases. In combina- tion of routine T2WI, congenital urinary system malformation was also demonstrated. These abnormalities were included as the double renal pelvis and double ureter in 23 cases, ureterocele in 13 cases, renal dysplasia in 7 cases, ectopic ureteral orifice in 6 cases, horseshoe kidney in 4 cases, megaureter 3 cases, renal agenesis 2 cases, and ectopic kidney 2 cases respectively. Conclusion With the advantages of no X- ray ionizing radiation, no invasion,no needing contrast medium and high soft tissue resolution, MRU is one of best methods for detecting the urinary tract obstruction of infants.

关 键 词：磁共振尿路成像 肾积水 输尿管积水 婴幼儿 

分 类 号：R691.2[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R693[医药卫生—外科学]