单宁酸氯化过程中卤乙酸产物鉴定及生成规律  

Identification and formation regularity of haloacetic acids in the process of chlorine disinfection of tannin containing water

作　　者：陈忠林[1] 牛艳君 徐贞贞[1] 王海鸥[3] 王晓荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]上海佳尼特纯水设备有限公司,上海201107 [3]内蒙古工业大学建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010062

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2008年第8期1198-1201,1264,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50638020);国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(863-2007AA06Z339)

摘　　要：为考察天然水体在氯化过程中卤乙酸类致癌物的产生及生成规律,对以单宁酸模拟水中天然有机物的水体进行氯化消毒实验.采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对水溶液中单宁酸与氯消毒剂作用生成的卤乙酸类产物进行定性鉴定和定量分析.结果表明,氯与单宁酸作用主要生成致癌风险很高的二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸,反应初始2 h内,单宁酸与氯反应生成卤乙酸的速率较快,之后呈现一定程度降低的趋势;增加初始单宁酸质量浓度、氯消毒剂投量和反应温度都会导致卤乙酸生成量的升高,提高水溶液的pH可以抑制卤乙酸的生成,水中Br-质量浓度对卤乙酸的形态和生成量也有重要影响.降低氯投量或提高pH可以控制实际水体氯消毒过程中卤乙酸类消毒副产物的生成量.In order to investigate the formation regularity of haloacetic acids （HAAs） in the natural water chlorination process, disinfection experiments were carried out with tannin as natural organic matter （NOM） to simulate drinking water disinfection process. HAAs, reaction products of tannin and chlorine in water, were identified and quantified by gas chromatography -mass spectrometry. Results showed that the reactions of chlofine with tannin mainly produced dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid which are high risk carcinogens. During the first 2 h of the reaction, the generation of HAAs from the reaction of tannin and chlorine was rapid, but it presented to a certain decline afterward. The generated quantity of HAAs increased with the increase of water temperature, initial concentration of tannin and chlorine dosage, but decreased with the increase of solution pH. The concentration of Br^-had great impacts on the production of HAAs. The production of HAAs in chlorination process can be controlled by decreasing chlorine dosage or increasing pH.

关 键 词：单宁酸 氯 卤乙酸 饮用水 消毒 

分 类 号：TU991.25[建筑科学—市政工程]