北川河流域低位脑山区退耕还林的土壤效应  

Soil effects of converted farmland in remote hilly areas in Beichuanhe Watershed

作　　者：高国雄[1] 周心澄[2] 史常青[2] 李文忠 李世荣 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资环学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [3]北京市水科院,北京100038 [4]北京市水保总站,北京100038

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2008年第5期205-211,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2001BA510B01)

摘　　要：在青海大通县北川河流域低位脑山区选取了青海云杉(F)、华北落叶松(G)、白桦+青海云杉(H)、青海云杉+中国沙棘(J)、油菜(CK)等5种退耕还林配置模式,比较了不同配置模式对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:土壤总孔隙度、稳渗速率以模式F(青海云杉)的最大,分别为53.62%、6.8 mm/min;土壤结构系数以模式H(白桦+青海云杉)最大,为94.751%;土壤全N、水解N、全K、速效K平均值以模式F(青海云杉)的最高;土壤抗性指数以模式F(青海云杉)的最大,为1.652 s/g。土壤效应综合评价得分以模式F最高,表明模式F为低位脑山区退耕还林最佳配置模式。After five models of converting cropland to forest were selected respectively in high-mountain areas in Beichuanhe Watershed of Datong County in Qinghai Province,the soil effects were analyzed.Model F（Picea crassifolia） was better than others on the total pore space and the final infiltration rate of soil,which were 53.62% and 6.8mm/min respectively.Model H （Betula latyphylla＋Picea crassifolia） occupied the first place in soil structural coefficient,up to 94.751%.As to the average content of total N,hydrolytic N,total K,rapidly available K and rapidly available K,model F ranked the first place.The soil anti-scourability of model F（Picea crassifolia） ranked the first place,which was 1.652 s/g.The quality synthetic evaluation about soil effect of converting cropland to forest was carried on,and it showed that disposition pattern F was the most superior one.

关 键 词：土壤效应 退耕还林 配置模式 北川河流域 脑山区 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]