未婚女青年流产及接受流产后服务的现况调查  

Status Survey on Abortion and Post-abortion Service among Unmarried Young Women

作　　者：常明秀 张晓静 徐晓 马文侠 张培育 金虹 申小静 周世媛 

机构地区：[1]河南省人口和计划生育科学技术研究院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2008年第9期540-543,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：欧盟课题资助项目(FP-2002-INCO-Dev-1-510961)

摘　　要：目的:了解未婚女青年流产原因以及避孕知识、行为和在医院接受的流产后服务现况。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取在郑州市8家医院自愿要求流产、年龄≤25岁的女青年进行横断面现场问卷调查,获得合格调查问卷992名,本文仅分析其中的705名未婚妇女数据。结果:调查对象年龄在16.4～25岁之间,62.1%未婚同居,33.3%有流产史。本次流产原因未避孕66.7%,避孕失败33.3%。58.2%曾使用过避孕措施,既往使用的避孕方法构成为:避孕套47.2%、紧急避孕药18.3%、安全期16.0%、体外射精13.8%、口服避孕药4.6%、宫内节育器0.1%。避孕和生殖健康知识得分无1人满分,13个问题中能正确回答7个问题的占44.7%。术后接受宣教内容最多的是流产后注意事项(95.6%),最少的是避孕药具的优缺点(26%)。没有接受过医生提供的咨询服务有83.0%;医生没有提供免费的避孕药具和转诊服务。93.9%的愿意接受流产后宣教服务。结论:未婚女青年流产原因多为未避孕,她们缺乏避孕知识,避孕措施使用率低,现医院提供的流产后服务不能满足育龄妇女的需求。Objective： To investigate the abortion reasons, contraceptive knowledge and action, and the situation of accepting post - abortion service in hospitals among unmarried young women. Methods： Stratified cluster random sampling study was adopted. Unmarried women （ 〈 25 years old） seeking abortion service were interviewed in the selected 8 hospitals, and 992 questionaires were qualified. The data of 705 unmarried women were analyzed in this study. Results ： The age of these abortion women ranged from 16.4 to 25 years old. And 62.1% out of them had sex behavior before marriage, and 33.3% had abortion history. The abortion reasons were non - contraception （66.7%） and contraceptive failure （33.3%）. 58.2% had used contraceptive methods, with the constituent ratios as follows： condom （47.2%）, emergency contraceptive （ 18.3% ）, safe period （ 16. 0% ）, external ejaculation （ 13. 8% ）, oral pills （ 4. 6% ）, and IUD （0. 1% ）. Only 44.7% gave 7 correct answers to the 13 questions, even no one got full scores about contraceptive and reproductive knowledge. In the instruction and education of post - abortion, 95.6% received information of post - abortion attentions, and 26% with the advantages and disadvantages of contraceptive methods. 83.0% didn＇t receive counseling service and doctors didn＇t provide free contraceptive and transfer treatment, while 93.9% were willing to accept post - abortion instruction and education. Conclusion： The abortions of unmarried young women are mainly caused by non - contraception, lack of contraceptive knowledge and low usage of contraceptives. And the post - abortion service provided by hospitals cant meet reproductive aged womeng demands.

关 键 词：未婚女青年 流产 流产后服务 现况调查 

分 类 号：R169.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]