水包稠油乳状液中孤岛稠油组分间相互作用初探  

STUDY ON THE INTERACTION AMONG GUDAO HEAVY COMPONENTS OF HEAVY OIL IN WATER EMULSIONS

作　　者：白金美[1] 范维玉[1] 张铜耀[1] 南国枝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室,东营257061

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2008年第9期31-34,共4页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：研究了孤岛稠油脱沥青质油、胶质、沥青质及胶质与沥青质混合物对水包稠油乳状液界面性质的影响。结果表明,具有高芳碳率、低烷基碳率、高芳香环缩合程度的沥青质组分界面活性较高。在水包稠油乳状液形成过程中,芳香分的存在有利于以稠合芳香环系为核心的胶质粒子的溶解,促进胶质单元结构在油滴表面的吸附,使脱沥青质油的界面活性高于胶质。胶质对沥青质有很好的分散作用,使沥青质在油相中溶解度增加,沥青质分子以较小的缔合体或以自由分子状态存在,沥青质分子中所有极性基团较易到达油水界面,使油水界面张力降低。稠油组分与阴离子乳化剂 LAS 存在正的协同作用,与非离子乳化剂 OP-10存在负的协同作用。稠油各组分共同与乳化剂作用形成稳定的水包稠油乳状液。The influence of deasphaltene oil, resin, asphaltene and resin-asphaltene mixture on the interfaciat property of Gudao heavy oil in water emulsions was investigated. The results showed that asphaltene component having high aromatic carbon, low alkyl carbon and high aromatic condensation index exhibited high interracial activity. During the formation of oil in water emulsions,the existence of aromatic component in deasphaltene oil enhanced the solubility of resin, so the interfacial activity of deasphaltene oil is higher than that of resin and asphaltene. The dispersion of asphaltene in simulated oil was enhanced by the existence of resin,in such case the solubility of asphaltene increased,the asphaltene molecule existed as free molecule, and all of its functional groups could reach the interface easily, thus the interfacial tension of oil and water reduced. Results also indicated that a positive synergetic effect existed between anionic emulsifier LAS and heavy oil components, yet negative synergetic effect was observed between non-ionic emulsifier OP-10 and heavy oil components. The formation of stable oil in water emulsions was due to the interaction among all the heavy oil components and emulsifiers.

关 键 词：胶质 沥青质 脱沥青质油 乳化剂 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]