儿科医护人员职业应激状况调查  

Investigation on job stress of pediatricians and nurses working in pediatric department

作　　者：姚三巧[1] 田玲[2] 庞保东[2] 白玉萍[1] 范雪云[1] 沈福海[1] 金玉兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北煤炭医学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,唐山 063000 [2]河北省唐山市妇幼保健院儿科

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2008年第9期529-532,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨引起儿科医护人员职业应激的应激源及其缓解因素。方法选择某市5所市级医院儿科医护人员258名为研究对象，以药房、收费处等科室工作人员169名为对照，采用一般工作紧张问卷对其进行调查，自评法完成问卷。结果医护人员工作负荷、工作危险、药物使用、每日紧张感、正性情绪、忍耐性行为、物理环境及情绪平衡得分高于对照组，工作冲突、环境控制、技术利用程度及心理卫生、对事责任得分低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。儿科护士l工作前景、工作心理控制源、自尊感、工作满意感、负荷变化、抑郁症状得分高于医生，非工作活动、工作危险、每日紧张感得分低于医生，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多因素分析发现，儿科医护人员应激反应的影响因素为工作单调性、工作需求、非工作活动、工作控制、工作危险、工作前景、社会支持、 工作心理控制源及自尊感。结论儿科医护人员应激程度较高，医生应激程度高于护士；儿科医护人员的主要应激源为丁作单调、工作需求高、非工作活动多、工作控制程度低、工作危险性大及工作前景不确定。主要的应对策略为良好的社会支持、外控性格及较强自尊感。Objective To investigate the occupational stressors and modifiers of pediatricians and nurses in order to find the measurements for control of the job stress. Methods 427 pediatricians and nurses working in five hospitals of a city served as subjects. Of them, the staff in section of pharmacy and toll offices in each hospital mentioned above served as control group. The General Job Stress Questionnaire was used to investigate the job stress by self-assessment. Results The scores of job demand ,job risk, drug using, daily job stress,positive feelings,patient A behavior,physical environment and feeling balance in pediatricians and nurses were higher than those of control group, but the scores of job-person conflict,environmental control, technology utility, mental health, responsibility on things were lower than those of control group （P〈0.05）. The points of job future,job locus of control,self-esteem,job satisfaction,job load variance,depression in nurses were higher than those of pediatricians,and non-work activities,job risk and daily life stress were lower than those of doctors （P〈O.05）. The main affecting factors on job strain of pediatric staff included job monotony, higher job demand, more non-work job,lower job control, more job risk,job future ambiguous,poorer social support, lower job locus control and lower self-esteem. Conclusion The stress degree of pediatric staff is high- er than that of controls. The pediatricians have more job stress than that of nurses. The main stressors of pediatric staff are job monotony, higher job demand, more non-worker activity, lower job control, higher job risk and am- biguous job future. The main modifiers are good social support,external job loc.us of control and higher selfes- teem.

关 键 词：医务人员 应激 医院 儿科 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]