中国1998—2007年肾综合征出血热流行病学特征及疫苗接种策略探讨  

Epidemiological characteristics and the strategy of vaccination on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the last 10 years, in China

作　　者：罗成旺[1] 陈化新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2008年第10期1017-1019,共3页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的分析1998—2007年全国肾综合征出血热（HFRS）人间疫情流行病学特征。方法对1998—2007年中国HFRS人间疫情进行统计，采用描述流行病学方法进行空间、时间和人群分布分析。结果19982007年全国HFRS人间疫情的空间分布具有既分散又相对集中的特点，病例主要分布在山东、黑龙江、辽宁、河北、陕西、湖南、吉林、浙江等省，占全国总发病数的81．76％；HFRS时间分布具有明显的季节性，一般有春季和秋冬季两个流行高峰期，高峰期各月的发病数占全年发病数的10．00％以上。HFRS人群中，〈10岁的病例占0．97％、10～70岁的病例占96．71％、15～60岁的病例占87．32％、≥70岁的病例占2．31％；男、女之比为3：1；从职业构成来看，农民占70．00％，为主要发病人群。结论近10年来中国HFRS的三间分布特点可作为HFRS疫苗免疫接种策略的科学依据，建议根据疫区性质，做好重点地区、重点人群和疫苗类型的选定工作。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and vaccination strategy of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in China,from 1998 to 2007. Methods National data on the prevalence of HFRS during 1998 to 2007 were collected and analyzed. Spatial, time and population distributions of HFRS cases were described. Results HFRS appeared to remain endemic in the country, while the majority of cases （accounting for 81.76 % of total cases）, were located in Shandong, Heilongjiang, Liaoning,Hebei, Shaanxi, Hunan, Jilin and Zhejiang provinces. The occurrence of HFRS appeared to be seasonal, with two peaks in spring season and autumn/winter season, with 10.00 % of the cases occurred in these peak months. The incidence rates were at a relatively low level because of the continuous decline of HFRS in the recent years. With age distribution,0.97 % were younger than 10,96.71% were between 10 and 70,87.32 % were between 15 and 60, and 2.31% were older than 70. The proportion of male patients accounted for three quarters. Around 70.00 96 of the cases were farmers. Young and middle-aged male farmers were at high risk. Conclusion The descriptive study on epidemiologieal characteristics of HFRS in the recent years had provided scientific evidence for vaccination strategy, suggesting the key regions, subpopulations as well as types of vaccines be determined.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 疫苗接种 策略 流行病学 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学] R512.403[医药卫生—临床医学]