西藏色季拉山土壤放线菌的区系  

Study on Actinomycetes Distribution of Serkyimla Mountain in Tibet

作　　者：何建清[1] 张格杰[2] 张新军[3] 岳海梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院生物技术中心,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏农牧学院植物科学技术学院,西藏林芝860000 [3]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《山地学报》2008年第4期503-508,共6页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30760005)~~

摘　　要：2007-08～09从西藏色季拉(也称色齐拉)山采集不同植被、不同海拔的土样,采用稀释平板分离法研究了色季拉山土壤中放线菌的数量、组成、与生态因子的关系以及部分菌株的生理生化特性,借以研究色季拉山土壤放线菌的生态分布及其活性。结果表明:①色季拉山土壤放线菌的数量表现为从山脚至山顶呈现低高低的分布现象,中温菌数量多于低温菌。②色季拉山土壤放线菌数量受多种因素影响:随土壤pH值的升高菌数增加,随有机质含量的增加而减少。③土壤放线菌的组成较复杂,共分离到7个属的放线菌,以链霉菌属为主,其次为诺卡氏菌属、束丝放线菌属和链异壁菌属。④土壤放线菌组成的复杂程度随植被的丰富度变化而变化,植被越丰富,放线菌的组成越复杂。⑤链霉菌的组成较复杂,共分离到12个类群,以白孢类群为主,其次为灰褐类群和金色类群。⑥色季拉山土壤放线菌分别有50%和60%的菌株能利用纤维素和明胶,40%的菌株能产生凝乳酶,这些放线菌水解淀粉的能力弱。⑦从拮抗性结果来看,参试菌对细菌的拮抗性强于对真菌的拮抗性,对G+菌的拮抗性强于对G-菌的拮抗性。Several soil samples were obtained from different vegetation and altitude of Serkyimla mountain in Tibet during august and September in 2007.Actinomycetes were isolated by dilution dull parting method.In order to study the ecological distribution and activity of Serkyimla mountain actinomycetes,the relationships among quantity,composition and ecological factor were studied,also chemophysiology of part isolates.Results indicated that：（1）quantity of actinomycetes showed low-high-low from boot to summit,the number of mesothermal is more than the number of psychrophilic;（2）the quantity was influenced by many factors：the quantity was increased by pH and reduced by content of organic matter;（3）the composition of soil actinomycetes was complex,7 genus of actinomycetes were isolated as Stretomyces,Norcardia,etc.Stretomyces was dominant;（4）actinomycetes composition was varied by vegetation abundance,the richer the vegetation was,the more complex the composition was;（5）the composition of actinomycetes was complex,they were attributed to 12 groups as albosporu,griseorubroviolaceus and Aureus,albosporu was dominant;（6）50% and 60% of strains could use fiber and gelatin,40% of strains could produce Milk-clotting enzyme,these strains did not had much starch hydrolysis activity;（7）The anti-ability of isolations to bacteria was stranger than fungi and Gram-positive was stranger than Gram-negative.

关 键 词：放线菌区系 生物活性 色季拉山 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]