1990-2000年中国稻田甲烷排放变化模拟  

Simulating Changes of Methane emission from Rice Paddies of China,1990～2000

作　　者：王平[1] 魏丽[2] 杜筱玲[2] 张稳[3] 黄耀[3] 孙文娟[3] 刘文英[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学,南京210095 [2]江西省气象局,南昌330046 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地球信息科学》2008年第5期573-577,共5页Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40675075);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF2006-28)资助

摘　　要：甲烷（CH4）是大气中重要的温室气体之一。研究我国稻田的甲烷排放年际变化，客观评估我国稻田CH4排放量，对于区域乃至全球大气CH4浓度的贡献具有积极意义。本文将一个比较成熟的稻田甲烷排放模型CH4MOD和GIS空间化数据库结合，模拟估计了中国大陆1990～2000年水稻生长季稻田甲烷排放的年际变化。模拟结果表明：从1990年到2000年，我国稻田甲烷排放量具有比较明显的年际波动，其中1993～1995年由于播种面积较少，甲烷排放为一个低谷，排放量约为5．37Tg；其他年份的排放量在5．93—6．22Tg之间。虽然1997年之后我国水稻播种面积比1993年之前少约1．84×10^6hm^2，但两个时期的甲烷排放量却基本相等，这主要是由于1997年之后单位面积稻田甲烷的排放也较1993年之前高的缘故。从空间格局方面讲，我国稻田甲烷排放的高值区主要分布在湖南、湖北、江西、广东、广西、四川、江苏和安徽，东北地区稻田甲烷排放在20世纪90年代有逐年增加的趋势。Methane is the secondary important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Among terrestrial sources of methane, rice paddies account for 20% of the annual emission on global scale. China has about 30 - 106hm^2 of rice cultivation area, knowledge of the historical change of methane emission from the rice paddies is therefore helpful to th understanding of the future climate change. By applying a semi-process model （CH4MOD） that simulates methane emission from rice paddies with various agricultural practices, this paper made an estimation of the methane emission on national scale from 1990 to 2000. The whole country was divided into grids of 10 - 10km^2 and each grid was assigned a set of the model input parameter values. By running the model for each grid and summarizing the model outputs, the temporal changes of methane emission of China were then calculated. The results showed significant inter-annual variation during the 10 years. Due to less rice cultivation of about 29. 3 - 106hm^2 in 1993 - 1995, the methane emission of around 5.37Tg a^-1 was also lower than the other times which was 5.93 Tg a^- 1 - 6. 22 Tg a^- 1. Besides the rice cultivation acreage, changes of methane emission from a unit rice area was also a significant factor to the changes of the national emission. Due to this reason, the national methane emission in 1997 was comparable to that in 1993 even through the latter has 1.84 × 106hm^2 more rice cultivation acreage. In respecting to the spatial distribution of the methane emission, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces are always the primary rice cultivation regions and therefore the main contributors of the national methane emissions. And more than that, the North-east China has emitted more and more methane in recent years.

关 键 词：CH4MOD 稻田 甲烷 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]