长江口及其邻近海域大型底栖动物生物量、丰度和次级生产力的初步研究  

Primary Studies on the Biomass Abundance and Secondary Production of Macrobenthos in Changjiang Estuary

作　　者：刘勇[1,2] 线薇薇[2] 孙世春[1] 吴耀泉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第5期749-756,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30490233);国务院三峡工程建设委员会项目(SX2004-018)资助

摘　　要：为了解长江口及邻近海域大型底栖动物生物量、丰度和次级生产力的分布情况于2004年2月、5月、8月和11月共4个航次分别在长江口40个观测站采集大型底栖动物定量样品并利用Brey的经验公式对大型底栖动物栖息丰度、生物量、次级生产力和P/B值进行了研究计算。该调查海域共采到大型底栖动物202种,其中多毛类102种,软体动物51种,甲壳类27种,棘皮动物7种,其它动物15种。大型底栖动物年平均丰度为394.7 ind/m2;年平均生物量以去灰分干重计,为2.58 g(AFDW)/m2;年平均次级生产力以去灰分干重计,为3.52 g(AFDW)/(m2.a);P/B值平均为1.53。结果表明,长江口大型底栖动物次级生产力自长江入海口向东呈递增趋势。本文分析了长江口及其邻近海域大型底栖动物优势种的组成,主要生态类群的分布特征和次级生产力分布格局与生态环境的关系。通过比较,发现长江口大型底栖动物优势种发生了较大的变化;次级生产力高于东海而低于渤海和胶州湾;P/B值高于南黄海、胶州湾和渤海,也说明了长江口大型底栖动物群落中个体小、生活史短,代谢快的种类所占的比例高于以上海域。The macrobenthos of 40 stations in Changjiang estuary was separately investigated in February, May, August and November 2004. 202 macrobenthos species were identified, among which 102 species were polychaetes, 51 species were mollusks, 27 species were crustaceans, 7 species were echinoderms and 15 species other groups of marine animals. Using Brey （1990） empirical formula, among the study area, the mean abundance was 394.7 ind/m^2; the mean biomass in AFDW （ash free dry weight） was 2.58 g（AFDW）/m^2 ; the mean secondary production in AFDW was 3.52 g（AFDW） / （m^2·a） ; the mean P/B ratio was 1.53. Data showed that distribution of secondary production in the estuary increased gradually from Changjiang mouth to eastern outside open sea. Compared with other studies, the dominant species of macrobenthos in Changjiang estuary and adjacent waters had changed dramatically; the secondary production was higher than that in the East China Sea, but lower than those in the Bohai Sea and the Jiaozhou Bay; the P/ B ratio was higher than that in southern Yellow Sea, the Jiaozhou Bay and the Bohai Sea. Result showed that the macrobenthos species of small body size, short life and quick metabolism occupied more proportion in the Changjiang estuary than that in southern Ydlow Sea, the Jiaozhou Bay and the Bohai Sea.

关 键 词：长江口 大型底栖动物 生物量 丰度 次级生产力 P/B值 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]