异源精子遗传物质对雌核发育草鱼基因组的影响分析  

ANALYSIS ON THE GENETIC INFLUENCE OF HETEROLOGOUS SPERM IN THE GENOME OF GYNOGENETIC GRASS CARP

作　　者：胡海星[1] 郑康[1] 陈金辉[1] 刘正华[1] 张琼宇[1] 罗琛[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081 [2]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2008年第5期701-710,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2006C12005)资助

摘　　要：为分析外源精子对人工诱导雌核发育草鱼基因组的影响,用随机扩增多态性和微卫星技术对经两代连续人工诱导,遗传背景一致的雌核发育草鱼以及母本草鱼和父本鲤鱼的基因组DNA进行了比较分析。10个随机引物在雌核发育草鱼中共检测到104个RAPD位点,在鲤鱼中检测到103个位点。7对微卫星引物在雌核发育草鱼中共扩增出4个微卫星位点,在鲤鱼中检测到22个位点。两种方法在雌核发育草鱼和鲤鱼中所检测到的位点均没有一个相同。根据RAPD和微卫星分析数据进行的遗传相似度分析表明二代人工雌核发育草鱼群体与其一代人工诱导雌核发育草鱼母本的遗传相似度从0.9903到1.000,与父本鲤鱼的遗传相似度为0.000。这些实验结果证明在适当的紫外线处理强度下,鲤鱼精子的遗传物质能够被完全破坏,不会对雌核发育草鱼的基因组造成遗传污染。Grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,is one of the most important freshwater fish cultivated in China.Pure lines or highly pure inbred lines have to be generated for selecting genes with desired economical characters during the breeding of grass carp and to avoid genetic separation that could degenerate the population character.Since the sexually maturation of grass carp needs more than 4 years,to obtain a pure line of grass carp by sib mating would take several decades and require much of labor and material resources.Modern artificial gynogenetic technology provides a rapid and economic way to establish pure line or highly pure inbred line of grass carp.By inducing the gynogenetic development of mature grass carp eggs with UV-irradiated heterologous sperm and then inhibiting the first cleavage or the second polar body release of the gynogenetic eggs,absolute pure diploid individual or very highly pure diploid individual could be obtained.After the maturation of the gynogenetic individuals,by reinducing the gynogenesis of mature eggs from a gynogenetic individual,absolute pure line or highly pure inbred line of grass carp could be generated.The genetic and developmental impact of the UV-irradiated heterologous sperm on artificial gynogenetic fish,however,it remains a subject of debate in the fish artificial gynogenetic studies.In order to determine the genetic influence of heterologous sperm in the genome of artificial gynogenetic grass carp,genomes of artificially induced gynogenetic grass carp and their parents were comparatively analyzed with the techniques of random amplification polymorphism DNA（RAPD） and microsatellite analysis.The 14 gynogenetic grass carp individuals used in the examination is from a two-generation artificially induced gynogenetic grass carp group（meio-gynogenetic-2 group）,in which all the individuals share an identical gene type.The mother of this meio-gynogenetic-2 group is an individual from a one-generation artificially induced gynogenetic grass carp group（meio-gynogenetic-1

关 键 词：雌核发育草鱼 RAPD 微卫星 遗传相似度 异源遗传物质 

分 类 号：Q173[生物学—水生生物学]