基因型和播期对优质小麦生长发育及产量的影响  

Effect of genotype and sowing time on growth,development and yield of high quality wheat

作　　者：裴雪霞[1] 王姣爱[1] 党建友[1] 张定一[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第5期1109-1115,共7页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A02-08);山西省农业科学院攻关项目(YGG0741)资助

摘　　要：全球温度升高的气候条件下,针对不同基因型小麦研究其适宜播期,对优质小麦高产具有重要的现实意义。本试验采取田间试验,研究了基因型和播期对3种基因型优质小麦生长发育和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明:播期对不同基因型优质小麦各生育期持续时间有明显影响,但抽穗期最多相差2 d,成熟期不超过1 d,适期播种,有利于优质小麦分蘖的发生、穗分化发育、干物质积累及安全越冬;在同一产量水平,2个可控因素对优质小麦产量影响的作用力为播期>基因型,适期播种能够较好地协调不同基因型优质小麦的个体特征、群体质量,达到成穗数、穗粒数、千粒重结构合理,实现高产。Under global warming conditions,appropriate sowing time of wheat is critical for high yields of high-quality wheat.Using field experiment,the effect of genotype and sowing time on the growth,development and yield of three high quality wheat cultivars was investigated.Results show that sowing date has various effects on the duration of growth stages of different wheat cultivars.Variation of duration of heading stage among different sowing dates is two days at most,and that of maturing stage is one day at most.Reasonable sowing time has a number of advantages for high quality wheat,including plant tillering,young spike differentiation,dry-matter accumulation and wintering safety,and harmonize individual plant characters and community quality to get proper spike number per hectare,kernels per spike and 1000-kernel weight,furthermore,the high yield of high quality wheat.Under the same yield level,acting force of the two controllable factors on yield of high quality wheat is： sowing time 〉 genotype.

关 键 词：基因型 播期 生长发育 产量 优质小麦 

分 类 号：S352.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]