第二承诺期土地利用、土地利用变化与林业规则的各方观点及对策建议  

Parties Views and Suggestions for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry Rules for the Second Commitment Period

作　　者：李玉娥[1] 秦晓波[1] 万运帆[1] 高清竹[1] 毕欣欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2008年第5期277-281,共5页Climate Change Research

基　　金：国家"十一五"支撑计划课题"执行<联合国气候变化框架公约>的支撑技术研究"(2007BAC03A07);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"中国陆地生态系统碳循环及其驱动机制研究"(2002CB412508)资助

摘　　要：由土地利用、土地利用变化和林业(LULUCF)活动产生的生态系统的固碳作用,是降低大气中温室气体浓度增加速度的重要途径之一。1997—2001年,经历了长达4a的艰苦谈判,最终达成了第一承诺期附件一国家利用LULUCF的规则。2008年开始,国际社会开始磋商第二承诺期附件一国家如何利用LULUCF活动的规则。主要缔约方就第二承诺期LULUCF规则提出了各自的观点,发达国家的观点主要包括提高开展碳汇活动的积极性、降低LULUCF规则的复杂性和减少成本、增加《京都议定书》3.4条款下的合格活动等,其目的是在第二承诺期能够利用更多的碳汇完成减排义务;发展中国家主要提出要系统地考虑土地利用造成的温室气体排放和CO2的吸收。最后,针对附件一缔约方在第二承诺期利用LULUCF活动规则,提出了我国应采取的对策建议。Enhancing carbon sequestration in land use, land-use change and forestry （LULUCF） is one of the most important means to reduce the growth rate of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. It took 4 years （1997-2001） to reach agreement on definitions, modalities, rules and guidelines related to LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol. In 2008, international community began to negotiate how to treat LULUCF rules for the second commitment period. The views on means to achieve mitigation objectives of Annex I Parties are summarized. The main position from developed countries is to offer more incentives to reduce emissions and enhance removals, to reduce the complexity of LULUCF rules and the costs, and to include more eligible activities under Article 3.4 of Kyoto Protocol. The aim is to utilize more carbon sinks generated by LULUCF activities to fulfill the emission reduction commitment. The main position from developing countries is to consider the emission and uptake from LULUCF activities symmetrically. At the end of this paper, suggestions on the development of LULUCF rules for the second commitment period are proposed.

关 键 词：第二承诺期 LULUCF 规则 对策建议 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]