一次高影响天气事件--延边2．13一氧化碳中毒事件分析  

Analysis of a high-impact weather event:The 2.13 carbon monoxide poisoning event at Yanbian State,Jilin province,northeastern China

作　　者：路屹雄[1] 王元[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学系,中尺度灾害性天气教育部重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第3期258-272,共15页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK2005081);博士专项科研基金(20050284035)

摘　　要：2006年2月13日,吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州延吉市等6个市县发生大面积居民一氧化碳中毒事件,但事件的气象成因一直存在着争论.本文从"高影响天气"的角度出发,即从天气条件和人类活动互耦的观点,侧重研究天气条件和人类活动互耦的契合点所在,即烟囱抽吸变化,以及导致此次事件的烟囱抽吸变化的特定天气学背景、一氧化碳的化学反应过程和烟囱抽吸失效的流体力学机理.结果表明,延边大面积一氧化碳中毒期间,850 hPa先后出现偏西暖平流和西南暖湿平流,空气大幅度增温增湿及低风速使烟囱抽力大为减弱,甚至发生烟气倒灌;一氧化碳生成和维持的化学过程分析表明,在大幅度增温增湿条件下,一氧化碳易于生成和维持,使得室内浓度越积越高,最终造成大面积一氧化碳中毒事件.在此基础上,进一步利用量纲分析的方法得出了一氧化碳中毒气象预警的预报指数.The carbon monoxide poisoning event, which brought a hot debate about its meteorological causes, occurred at Yanbian State, Jilin province, northeastern China, on February 13, 2006. In the light of a high-impact weather event, the coupling of weather conditions with human activities, i.e. the chimney pumping, is emphasized particularly. So the associated issues, viz. specific weather conditions, chemical evolution and the fluid dynamical analysis and numerical simulation of the chimney pumping are well investigated. Results show that the 850 hPa trough brought in warm air and water vapor from west and southwest successively. Large increase of air temperature and humidity, as well as low wind speed, weakened the pumping of chimney. In addition, high heat and high wet are apt to the chemical＇s producing carbon monoxide. Thus, the concentration of carbon monoxide inside the room increased largely, even backflow occurred. With this understanding, a meteorological monitory index for carbon monoxide is obtained by quantum analysis.

关 键 词：高影响天气 一氧化碳中毒 增温增湿 烟囱抽吸 气象预警指数 

分 类 号：P44[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]