鸡粪好氧发酵氮转化与相应细菌数量变化规律的研究  

Study on regulation of N-removal and N-removal bacteria in the course of chicken manure aerobic fermentation

作　　者：王立群[1] 曹立群[1] 肖维伟[1] 顾文杰[1] 孙文[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2008年第5期61-65,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目;项目编号:30371054

摘　　要：为明确鸡粪好氧发酵过程各类氮转化细菌变化及其与氮素转化间的关系,本研究全程测定了氨化、异养亚硝化、异养硝化和好氧反硝化4类细菌数量、有机态氮、氨态氮、硝态氮等含量变化。结果证明,该过程各类氮转化细菌以中温菌居多,最适生长温度35℃。其中,升温段35℃之后,菌数随温度上升而下降;降温段35℃之前,菌数随温度下降而上升。研究的各类氮转化细菌中,氨化细菌最耐热,是高温期发挥作用的主要类群。发酵全程各类氮转化菌数与相应氮素转化量的关系为:升温段,氨化细菌、亚硝化和硝化菌数增加时,氨态氮和硝态氮的增幅较快;此3类菌数降低时,氨态氮和硝态氮的增幅较缓;降温段,氨化细菌数量与氨态氮含量变化之间无相关表现;发酵全程硝态氮含量变化与亚硝化、硝化细菌数量变化呈正偏相关,与反硝化细菌数量变化呈负偏相关。The dynamic variations of the quantity of four groups of bacteria , ammonifying bacteria, heterotrophilic nitrosobacteri-a, heterotrophilic nitrobacteria and aerobic denitrifying bacteria, and that of contents of organic N, ammonic N and nitrate N were deteimined for clarifying the relationships between them. The results showed that mesophilic bacteria were the majority in N - transforming bacteria in the process, whose optimum growth temperature was 35℃. After 35℃ in the course of temperature rising, the quantity of bacteria decreased with temperature rising; before 35℃ in the course of temperature descending, it rose with temperature descending. Relationships between the quantity of N - tra_nsforming bacteria and the corresponding variations of contents of N- transformation were concluded： in the course of temperature rising, the increment amplit - ude of anamonic N was relatively marked as the quantity of ammonifying bacteria, nitrosobacteria and nitrobacteria increaseed, while it was small when the quantity decreased; in the course of temperature descending, there was no correlation between the quantity of ammonifying bacteria and ammonie. N, but there was positive correlation between the quantity of nitrosobac teria and nitrobacteria and nitrate N, and negative correlation between the quantity of denitrifying bacteria and nitrate N.

关 键 词：异养亚硝化 异养硝化 好氧反硝化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]