洋山港区动力泥沙过程研究——兼论北岛链汊道封堵的影响  

Observation of Dynamics and Sedimentary Processes in the Yangshan Harbor Area Based on Automatic Seabed-based Environmental Monitoring System

作　　者：李鹏[1] 杨世伦[1] 徐小弟[2] 江恩祝[2] 龚文浩[2] 李兴明[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]国家海洋局东海标准计量中心,上海200080

出　　处：《海洋通报》2008年第5期56-64,共9页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40576043);上海市重大科技项目(07DJ4003-01);国家海洋公益项目(200705020)

摘　　要：于2006年4月8—17日、8月9—16日和2007年1月13—25日在杭州湾口的洋山港海域一固定观测点(平均水深约15m)用"海床基海洋环境自动监测系统"观测了潮位、波浪、潮流、近底悬沙浓度等要素。结果表明:(1)研究区波浪较弱,平均有效波高为0.53～0.65m,常风条件下波高受水深控制,而强风天气时波高受风速控制。(2)港区潮流较强。最大流速为238cm/s,观测期间平均流速在中、上层均>80cm/s,而在近底层<40cm/s。潮流以离底4.7～5.7m为分界层,分界层以上以落潮流占优势,分界层以下以涨潮流占优势。涨、落潮流流向分别在310°～320°和130°～140°之间,涨、落潮主流比洋山港工程前向右偏转约20°。(3)余流流速由底层向表层递增,上层和表层均大于10cm/s,中、下层为4cm/s左右;余流流向,底层约为322°,2.7～5.7m层为56°～85°,6.7m以上为103°～166°。(4)2006年4月小潮和8月大潮平均悬沙浓度分别为0.81kg/m3和1.46kg/m3。悬沙浓度涨潮大于落潮,涨急时悬沙浓度最高。Tide height, wave, current velocity, the suspended sediment concentration （ SSC ） near seabed were observed using Automatic Seabed-based Environmental Monitoring System during 8-17 April, 9-16 August 2006 and 13-25 January 2007 in a fixed site of the Yangshan Harbor Area. The results show： （1） In the study area, the wave was weak with the significant wave height from 0.53 to 0.65 m. The wave height was controlled by water depth in calm weather, but controlled by wind in strong wind weather. （2） The current was strong with the biggest sicced of 238 cm/ s, average speed of the middle and upper water layers exceeded 80 cm/s and the current near the sea-bed was about 40cm / s. The tidal dynamics was different in vertical profile with the dividing water layer about 4.7-5.7 m above seabed. The ebb tidal dynamics was stronger than flood in the current above the layer, while the current below the layer was opposite. The direction of flood tide was from 310 to 320 degree, and the ebb tide direction was from 130 to 140 degree. In contrast to the direction before the Project, there was a change of 20 degree in clockwise. （3） In vertical profile, the residual flow became bigger from seabed to surface. The speed exceeded 10 cm / s in surface and upper layers, the middle and lower layers of about 4 cm / s. The direction of residual flow was 322 degree near the seabed, layers above 6.7 m was from 103 to 166 degree, while the direction of layers between 2.7 and 5.7 m was from 56 to 85 degree. （4） The SSC was 0.81 kg / m^3 and 1.46 kg /m^3 in April and August 2006, respectively. The SSC was bigger in spring than in neap. The highest value of SSC occurred in flood peak.

关 键 词：潮流 波浪 悬沙浓度 海洋环境自动监测系统 洋山港区 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]