黄土丘陵沟壑区杏树-黄芪复合系统对土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Armeniaca sibirica-Astragalus System on Soil Physi-chemical Properties of the Hill and Gully Area on the Loess Plateau

作　　者：高峻[1] 郑曼[2] 孟平[1] 张劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京100714

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2008年第5期719-723,共5页Forest Research

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD03A0501);国家林业局退耕还林科技支撑项目(200377-2)

摘　　要：以黄土丘陵沟壑区梯田杏树—黄芪复合系统为研究对象,研究了杏园间作黄芪2a后对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:杏树—黄芪复合系统和清耕杏园中土壤理化性质均存在明显的垂直分布层次性和水平分布差异性。杏园间作黄芪2a后,可使0～60cm土层土壤密度降低0.8～1.4g.cm-3;土壤总空隙度、土壤稳定入渗率分别增加1.6～4.7个百分点、0.10～0.35mm.min-1;全N、全K以及速效N、速效K含量分别增加0.10～0.32、0.8～5.5g.kg-1、1.3～13.3、3.0～33.7mg.kg-1;土壤有机质含量增加0.03～0.52g.kg-1,其中,0～20cm土层增加量尤为显著,可达0.4～0.5g.kg-1;但全P及速效P含量有所降低,0～60cm土层分别降低0.02～0.15g.kg-1和0.07～1.48mg.kg-1。间作黄芪对距离树行不同处的土壤理化性质影响不同,距离树行越近,越明显。回归分析表明,土壤稳定入渗率与土壤密度呈负相关、与土壤空隙度呈正相关。在黄土丘陵沟壑区幼龄期果园间作黄芪具有很好的可行性,适于当地推广应用。Based on the Armeniaca sibirica-Astragalus system in hill-gully area of the Loess Plateau Regions, the effects of Astragalus intercropped in Armeniaca sibirica orchard after two years on the soil physical and chemical properties was studied. The results showed that there existed vertical distribution gradation and the horizontal distribution difference in soil physical and chemical properties. Compare with Armeniaca sibirica without covering, the average soil density of the 0-60 cm soil layer in Armeniaca sibirica-Astragalus system decreased by 0.8- 1.4 g · cm^-3, the soil total porosity increased by 1.6%-4.7% , and the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity increased by 0.10-0.35 mm · min^-1, respectively. At the same time, the total N, total K and available N, available K increased by 0.10-0. 32 , 0. 8-5. 5 g · kg^-1 ,1.3-13.3 mg · kg^-1 and 3.0-33.7 mg · kg^-1, respectively. The soil organic matter increased by 0.03-0.52 g · kg^-1 , especially, which increased by 0.40- 0.52 g · kg^-1 in the layer of 0-20 cm. But the total P and available P decreased by 0. 02-0.15 g · kg^-1 and 0.07-1.48 mg · kg^-1. The effect of intercropping Astragalus on soil physical and chemical properties which in different distance from tree row were different, the nearer to the tree row, the bigger effect is. Regression showed that there were good positive correlation between the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and the soil density, the negative correlation between the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil total porosity. There was good feasibility of intercropping Astragalus in Armeniaca sibirica orchard, and this model can be penetrated in hill-gully area of the Loess Plateau Regions.

关 键 词：黄土丘陵区 杏-黄芪果药复合系统 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]