汶川地震伤员伤情特点及救治分析  

Analysis on remedy and injury characteristic of the wounded in China Wenchuan earthquake

作　　者：姚元章[1] 张连阳[1] 程晓斌[1] 沈岳[1] 何勇[1] 童卫东[1] 鲁开智 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学附属大坪医院野战外科研究所、全军战创伤中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2008年第10期852-854,共3页Chinese Journal of Trauma

摘　　要：目的探讨汶川地震伤员伤情特点及早期救治。方法收集四川省德阳市第一人民医院在2008年5月12-30日收治的1420例地震伤员资料，分析伤情特点和早期救治。结果1420例伤员中，共有1821处损伤：其中单个部位伤1089例，占76．69％，多部位伤331例，占23．31％；四肢损伤、体表和软组织损伤多于其他部位损伤；单个部位伤明显多于多部位伤（P〈0．01）；伤员流在震后2d最多，占68．80％，明显多于其他时间（P〈0．01）；19～45岁年龄组伤员多于其他年龄组（P〈0．01）；伤后12h以上才得到救治的伤员最多（P〈0．01）。结论在灾难救援中，救治速度是关键，救治的黄金时间和救治重点应在震后2d；在救治中应遵循损害控制原则，平时加强自救互救训练和急救知识培训可能挽救更多伤员的生命。Objective To investigate the injury characteristic and the early remedy of the wounded in China Wenchuan earthquake. Methods The study involved 1 420 patients from a hospital in City of Deyang during May 12-30,2008. Results There were 1 821 injury parts in 1 420 patients. Of all, there were 1 089 patients （76.69%） with single part injury and 331 （23.31%） with multiple trauma. The injury incidence rate of extremities, body surface and soft tissues was higher than that of the other parts. The incidence rate of single part injury was higher than that of multiple trauma （P〈0.01）. The wound flow accounted for 68.80% within 2 days＇After earthquake, which was more than that in other time （P〈0.01）. The patients aged at 19-45 years were more than those at other ages （P〈0.01）. Most patients received first remedy 12 hours after earthquake （P〈0.01）. Conclusions The speed of remedy is key to disaster rescue, and the gold time for early disaster rescue is within 48 hours After earthquake, when the principle of damage control surgery should be followed. It is necessary, in peace time, to strengthen training of self-care and buddy aid and learning about the knowledge on emergency treatment, as may help save more lives during disaster.

关 键 词：自然灾害 地震 损害控制 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学]