扁玉螺早期发育的实验观察  

Experimental Observation on the Early Development of Neverita didyma

作　　者：刘庆[1] 孙振兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,烟台264025

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2008年第5期99-103,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：山东省教育厅实验技术研究项目(No.2005-396)

摘　　要：在实验室条件下人工孵化扁玉螺（Neverita didyma）的卵块,观察了其胚胎发育和幼虫发育过程。扁玉螺的早期发育属间接发生型,其胚胎发育包括卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚、膜内担轮幼虫、膜内面盘幼虫;幼虫发育包括面盘幼虫、后期面盘幼虫和匍匐幼虫;匍匐幼虫经变态后发育为稚螺。在水温25～26℃条件下,受精卵发育至膜内面盘幼虫约需38h,5～6d后面盘幼虫冲破卵膜而孵化。扁玉螺面盘幼虫的显著特点是具有1对眼点和1对平衡囊,面盘呈双叶状;后期面盘幼虫的面盘为4叶,呈蝴蝶状,足发达,幼虫既能浮游,又能爬行。后期面盘幼虫进一步生长发育,逐渐转入匍匐生活。The embryonic and larval developments of the prosobranch gastropod mollusk Neverita didyma were observed under laboratory conditions with artificially hatched from egg masses. Early development of N. didyma belong to indirect developmental type. Embryonic development stages include cleavage, blastula, gastrulae, trochophore, and intra-membrane veliger. Larval development stages include veliger, late veliger and groveling larva. Groveling larvae metamorphosed to juvenile, The fertilized egg developed to intra-membrane veliger in about 38 hours and hatched in 5 to 6 days after veligers at temperature 25 - 26℃. Morphological characteristics of N. didyma veliger can be concluded as： there are a pair of eyes, a pair of statoliths and bi-lobed velum; the velum of late veliger is four-lobed as butterfly, the foot showing broadened; larvae can free-swimming and creeping; late veligers get more growth and gradually become groveling juveniles.

关 键 词：扁玉螺 胚胎 面盘幼虫 发育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q954.4[生物学—动物学]