中国人口文化素质的空间格局、演变及其影响  

THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION'S EDUCATION QUALITY AND ITS EVOLUTION AND AFFECT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

作　　者：秦贤宏[1] 段学军[2] 李慧[1] 田方[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院研究生院,中国北京100039 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,中国江苏南京210008

出　　处：《经济地理》2008年第5期779-783,共5页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:40671077);江苏省自然科学基金(编号:BK2004164)联合资助

摘　　要：随着我国经济逐渐从要素和资本投入推进转变为知识创新推进,人口文化素质对我国各地区经济发展的影响将会越来越大,因此,研究我其空间格局及其演变对实现各地区人口和经济的协调发展具有重要的意义。文章以人均受教育年限为切入点,以省级行政区为单元,从地理学的视角对其进行了一定的分析。结果显示:①我国人口文化素质的空间格局为:东北高、西南低,并依次呈现出高、中、低三级阶梯。②我国31省市人口文化素质分布的标准差、级差和基尼系数都是先略有缩小后扩大,表面整体差异将继续存在;人口文化素质重心在研究期间一直往地理中心方向移动,表明东北部与西南部间的差距在逐渐缩小;空间自相关性呈微弱波动起伏,表明宏观格局基本稳定。③人口文化素质对经济发展的影响可分为四类,分别是良好促进、严重制约、微弱促进和微弱制约。With Knowledge-Based-Economy coming, the impact of population＇s education quality on economic growth will be much stronger in China. As a result, it is of great significance to study its spatial structure and evolution. This paper discusses this problem from the angle of average school year of population, takes provinces as analyzing unit, and the results show that： （1） China＇s regional education quality of population is higher in Northeast and lower in Southwest, performing three steps. （2） The standard deviation, the span and the Gini Coefficient of 31 provinces on education quality of people was smaller first and bigger later, it indicates difference between them will last; the center weighted by the education quality of population was shifting towards geographical center during the whole period, it indicates Northeast-Southwest gap is reducing; its spatial autocorrelation changed only a little, it indicates the spatial structure have been unchanged. （3）31 provinces can be classified into four types by the education quality of population＇s affect on economic development： well-promoted, seriously-restricted ,little-promoted and little-restricted.

关 键 词：人口文化素质 空间格局 演变 人均受教育年限 空间自相关 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]