高品质陆地棉蔗糖代谢关键酶活性对纤维品质形成的影响  

Effects of Key Enzyme Activities in Sucrose Metabolism on Fiber Quality in High Quality Upland Cotton

作　　者：刘娟[1] 宋宪亮[1] 朱玉庆[1] 李学刚[1] 陈二影[1] 孙学振[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2008年第10期1781-1787,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30260051);山东省农业良种工程重大课题(2005;2006;2007LZ03);山东省自然科学基金项目(Q2007D03)

摘　　要：以高品质陆地棉鲁324系(324)、渝棉1号(YM-1)和普通陆地棉鲁棉研18(L18)为材料,研究蔗糖代谢关键酶活性变化对纤维品质形成的影响。结果表明,高品质陆地棉叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶(sucrose phosphate synthetase,SPS)活性高,蔗糖合成能力强,主茎叶和果枝叶蔗糖含量高,蔗糖供应能力强。Logistic方程模拟纤维素累积过程,高品质陆地棉纤维素进入快速累积期的时间晚,终止期延后,快速累积持续期长,累积速率平缓,最终纤维素含量高,纤维比强度高。在纤维发育前期,高品质陆地棉蔗糖贮存较多,为次生壁发育提供了充足的初始底物。高品质陆地棉蔗糖合成酶(sucrose synthetase,SS)活性高,降解蔗糖能力强,酶活性迅速增加时期与纤维素快速累积期相吻合;SPS活性在纤维素快速累积期终止前均明显高于普通陆地棉。叶片SPS活性和棉纤维中SS、SPS活性与纤维素累积及纤维品质形成有密切关系。Fiber strength is an important index that measures the fiber quality, which determined by cellulose deposition characteristics. Cellulose synthesis and accumulation are affected by many enzymes including sucrose synthetase （SS）, sucrose phosphate synthetase （SPS） and so on. Up to date, there have been few reports about cellulose accumulation and key enzymes relating to sucrose metabolism in high quality upland cotton cultivars. To investigate the relationship between fiber quality differences and relating sucrose metabolism enzymes, a filed experiment was conducted at Shandong Agricultural University in 2006-2007. Three upland cotton cultivars including Ludimianlu 324 and Yumian 1 （YM-1） （high quality） and Lumianyan （18） （common quality） were used in the experiment. Leaves were sampled at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after leaf unfolding. Flowers were labeled at anthesis and sampled every 7 days from 7 days after anthesis. The result showed that the sucrose content was higher with higher SPS activities in high quality upland cotton leaves. The simulation with Logistic equation of cotton cellulose accumulation showed that the accumulation duration was longer and the accumulation rate was moderate, so the final cellulose content was higher in high quality upland cotton cultivar. Compared with common upland cotton, the sucrose content was higher in fiber at early growth stage in high quality upland cotton, which supplied enough original substrate for secondary wall thickening. Meanwhile, the SS activity was higher and consistent with cellulose accumulation duration in high quality upland cotton. Furthermore, high quality upland cotton had higher SPS activity before termination of cellulose accumulation duration. It was suggested that SPS activity in leaves, SS and SPS activities in fibers had close correlation with cellulose accumulation and fiber quality.

关 键 词：高品质陆地棉 纤维品质 蔗糖合成酶 蔗糖磷酸合成酶 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]