中国优秀男子标枪运动员交叉步后右腿运动学特征研究  

On the Kinematical Characteristics of the Right Leg after Cross-step for the Outstanding Men's Javelin Athletes in China

作　　者：王永安[1] 李建臣[2] 靳继成[2] 刘建通[2] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学体育学院,南充367002 [2]首都体育学院技术学部,北京100088

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2008年第3期37-40,共4页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：北京市属市管高校重点实验室开放研究课题(京2006)

摘　　要：在标枪项目的研究领域,对交叉步结束后右腿用力形式和右脚支撑技术的研究,是国内学术界长期以来关注的焦点问题。交叉步结束右腿着地后的主要任务是尽量减少单支撑的时间,使左腿尽快的着地并尽可能的减少水平速度的损失,快速形成双支撑用力,使身体形成最佳的发力姿势,为最后出枪创造条件。本文通过文献资料法、三维录像解析法、数理统计法对我国优秀男子标枪运动员交叉步结束后右腿运动学特征进行了研究。结果发现,单支撑阶段,我国运动员右腿缓冲时间普遍较长,右膝缓冲的幅度相对较大,多数运动员右膝最大缓冲在身体重心或右髋移过支撑点后的一段时间出现,单、双支撑阶段我国运动员右腿各环节保持速度的能力较弱、加速的能力有待进一步提高。In the research field of javelin throw, the study on the right leg＇ exerting form and the right foot＇s supporting skill after cross-step is the key point concerned by domestic researchers for a long time. After the cross-step, the main task of the right leg landing is to reduce the supporting time on one-leg, to let the left leg land in order to reduce the loss of horizontal speed as much as possible,to take the shape of double support quickly and exert oneself in order to make the best posture of having an effect,and to create conditions for the javelin to fly. By means of literature review, three-dimensional video recording analysis and mathematical statistics, the authors have studied the kinematical characteristics of the right leg after cross-stride for the outstanding men＇s javelin athletes in China. The results indicate that during the support phase on one leg, the time of the right leg amortizing for Chinese athletes is generally long; the range of right knee amortizing is relatively wide; the biggest amortizing moves in right knee for most athletes appear in the period after the body＇s center of gravity or the right hip moves past the supporting point;during the single and double support phase,the Chinese athletes＇ ability of maintaining speed in various links with the right leg is relatively weak and their acceleration ability is pending for improvement.

关 键 词：单支撑阶段 双支撑阶段 右腿支撑 最后用力 

分 类 号：G824.3[文化科学—体育训练]