紫色丘陵坡地不同用地类型土壤理化特征分析  

An Analysis of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties under Different Land Utilization Types in Purple Soil Hilly Region

作　　者：谢均强[1] 史东梅[1] 张兵[1] 史晓梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第9期108-112,共5页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技部"十五"攻关资助项目(2004BA604A05)

摘　　要：对紫色土丘陵区不同用地类型土壤理化特征进行分析,结果表明:传统农耕地由于受耕作活动的影响,表层土壤松散,容重(1.46g/cm3)最小,总孔隙度(46.3%)最大,土壤紧实程度较低,不利于抵抗径流的冲刷;竹林地土壤机械组成分形维数D(2.58)<农林混作型耕地(2.62)<传统农耕地(2.64)<园地(2.67),团聚体破坏率(PAD)竹林地(32.6%)<园地(38.5%)<传统农耕地(43.1%)<农林混作型耕地(51.9%),说明竹林地土壤结构性和团聚体水稳性相对较好,土壤抵抗侵蚀的能力更强;园地有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量整体优于其他3种土地利用类型;农林混作型耕地具有部分园地土壤的特点.比较上述特点,园地和农林混作型耕地两种土地利用是改善土壤结构、提高土壤肥力、减轻土壤侵蚀的有效途径.Soil physico-chemical properties under 4 different land utilization types in a purple soil hilly region were analyzed. Affected by tillage activities, the topsoil of traditional farmland was incompact and had low bulk density（1.46 g · cm^-3）and high soil porosity（46.3%）. As a result, traditional farmland had rather low degree of tightness, which is unfavorable for resisting runoff scouring. Fractal dimension of soil particle size distribution （D） appeared in the order： bamboo forest land （2.58） 〈tree-crop intercropping land （2.62） 〈traditional farmland （2.64） 〈orchard （2.67）, and percentage of aggregate destruction （PAD） of bamboo forest land （32.6%）〈orchard （38.5%）〈traditional farmland （43.1%）〈tree-crop intercropping land （52.0%）, which indicated bamboo forest land had relatively good uniformity and water stable capability and therefore had greater anti-erosion capability. Orchard land, on the whole, had higher contents of organic matter, total N, total P and total K than the other three types of soil and, to a certain extent, tree-crop intercropping land was similar to orchard land in these respects. It is therefore concluded that the two land utilization types of orchard and tree-crop intercropping are effective approaches to improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility and alleviating soil erosion in purple soil hilly regions.

关 键 词：紫色土丘陵区 用地类型 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]