轮对几何参数动态测量系统  

A System for Dynamically Measuring the Geometric Parameters of Wheelset

作　　者：冯其波[1] 陈士谦[1] 崔建英[1] 李凤山[2] 张英杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学发光与光信息技术教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]呼和浩特铁路局车辆处,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2008年第5期138-144,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2003J20)

摘　　要：研制的轮对几何参数动态在线测量系统主要由触发系统、轨边测量系统和室内信号采集与处理系统3部分组成。采用4套平行四边形机构和对应的涡流位移传感器,低速条件下实现车轮踏面磨耗与擦伤深度的动态定量测量;采用双激光位移传感器,直接测量车轮滚动过程中踏面到对应激光传感器的距离变化,通过计算得到车轮踏面直径;采用6个激光位移传感器,并通过这些传感器的组合测量,动态得到轮缘厚、轮辋宽和轮对内测距等尺寸。经过现场安装测试,验证了测量方案的可行性,实现了对车轮直径、踏面圆周磨耗及擦伤、轮缘厚度、轮辋宽度和轮对内测距的动态测量。A system for dynamically measuring the geometric parameters of wheelset has been developed, which consists of three sub-systems, namely, the triggering subsystem, the measurement subsystem mounted on the rails and the indoor data collecting and processing subsystem. When trains pass through the measurement system with low speed, the wheel flat and abrasion can be measured dynamically and quantitatively by use of four sets of parallelogram mechanisms together with eddy-current displacement transducers. Two laser displacement sensors are used to continuously measure the distance between the wheel tread and the laser sensor from both sides of the wheel when the wheel rolls along the rail, thus the diameter of wheel tread can be dynamically obtained by computation. Six laser displacement transducers are used, and the flange thickness, rim width, and the distance between the internal faces of the wheelset can be dynamically measured through the integrated measurement of these six laser sensors. The developed system was installed in a station, and field tests were made on the system, showing that the measurement method above mentioned is workable and the system can be used to dynamically measure the geometric parameters of the wheelset such as the tread diameter, the wheel flat and abrasion, flange thickness, rim width, and distance between the internal faces.

关 键 词：轮对 几何参数 动态测量系统 激光传感器 状态维修 测量方法 

分 类 号：U279.335[机械工程—车辆工程]