磁学方法及其在环境污染研究中的应用  

Magnetism Methods and its Application in Environmental Pollution Research Fields

作　　者：符超峰[1,2] 强小科[2] 宋友桂[2] 徐新文[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《东华理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第3期249-255,共7页Journal of East China University of Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40572109;40772116;40599420);中科院"西部之光"人才计划(2006ZD02);黄土与第四纪国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLQG0616)

摘　　要：针对日益突出的环境问题,磁学方法依靠自身便捷、经济等一系列优势在环境污染研究方面得到了广泛的应用。文章总结了环境研究中磁性矿物的特征和鉴别方法及主要的环境磁学参数,回顾了磁学方法在地表沉积物污染、水环境污染和大气环境污染方面的应用进展。并指出增进对磁性物质与污染源关系、污染物磁性形成机理的理解,加强从单纯的磁化率测量到多磁性参数的综合运用以及与矿物学、地球化学等方法的结合来查明污染物质的多源性、记录环境信息在时空尺度上的不确定性和不同环境对污染物承载能力的差异性,是提高磁学方法在环境污染研究领域应用效果的关键,有利于使环境污染监测和评价由定性研究向定量化研究发展。In view of existing increasingly prominent environmental issues, magnetic methods have been w;dely used in environmental pollution studies relying on their own a series of convenience and economic advantages. It is mainly the use of magnetic measurements to identify the nature and concentration of Fe-containing minerals in environmental materials, which is an ideal tool to understand the process which human activities impact on the regional and urban environment, and to undertake the modern environmental monitoring, tracing of pollution sources, as well as reconstruction of the history of environmental pollution. The article sums up the characteristics and identification methods of the magnetic minerals in environmental pollution studies and the main parameters of environmental magnetism, and casts back the main advances made in such fields as earth surface sediments pollution ,water environment pollution and atmospheric pollution. Meanwhile, The article points out due to the uncertainty of records of environmental information in time and space scales and the environment pollutants varied from place to place resulted in by more pollution-derived substances, for enhancing the application of magnetic methods in environmental pollution research, some work should be done, such as strengthening of studying the relationship between the magnetic minerals and the sources of pollution, reinforcing of studying magnetic mechanism of contaminants, intensifying of the comprehensive application of more magnetic parameters from a purely magnetic susceptibility measurements to, enhancing of studying comprehensively of magnetic methods with the mineralogy and geochemistry methods, and making environmental pollution monitoring and evaluation developed from quantitative to qualitative research.

关 键 词：环境磁学 磁性矿物 环境污染 

分 类 号：P631.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]