华南双季超级稻秧苗形态性状的比较研究  

Comparison of Morphological Characteristics in South-China Double Cropping Super Rice Seedling

作　　者：周新桥[1] 陈达刚[1] 李丽君[1] 张旭[1] 陈友订[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2008年第10期133-136,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(06025378)

摘　　要：研究秧苗特性不仅与培育壮秧有关,而且亦是华南双季超级稻"动态株型"结构育种需要解决的首要环节。2007年早、晚季在广州,以最近育成的超级杂交稻强优组合天优10号、天优122、五丰优128、特优138、两优培九,常规超级稻品种玉香油占为供试材料,对其秧苗形态特性作了比较研究,结果表明:在华南稻区早、晚季生态环境下,供试材料间植株高度、主茎叶片数目、单株茎数、叶鞘基部宽度的差异达显著或极显著水平。这不但证明了以往研究中将这些性状作为华南双季超级稻动态株型育种中秧苗期(大苗)理想形态性状指标的可靠性,而且还完善了华南双季超级稻动态株型育种中秧苗期(大苗)理想形态性状指标,即:早、晚季植株高度分别为35.0-38.9cm和33.5-37.8cm,早、晚季主茎叶片数分别为5.2-5.8片和4.9-5.2片,早、晚季单株茎数分别为1.5-3.0条和3.0-3.7条,早、晚季叶鞘基部宽分别为0.70-0.75cm和0.51-0.59cm。Rice seedling characteristics studing not only is related to cultivating strong seedling, but also it is a important link to solve for dynamic plant type breeding. New-bred super hybrid rice combinations Tianyou 10 hao, Tianyou 122, Wufengyou 128, Teyou 138, Liangyoupeijiu, and super rice cultivar Yuxiangyouzhan were chosen to study the differences of morphological characteristics in South-China double cropping super rice seedling in Guangzhou in the early and late season, 2007. The results showed that, under the ecological conditions of double rice cropping system in the southern China, a significant difference of F-value at 1% or 5% level existed among the tested cultivar and combinations in plant height, leaf number of main stem, stem number each plant and basal width of leaf sheath. Therefore, they are reliable to be ideal morphological characteristics indexes of South China double cropping super rice seedling. And the ideal morphological characteristics of South-China double cropping super-rice at seedling stage were improved. They are 35.0~38.9 cm in the early crop and 33.5~37.8 cm in the late crop for the ideal plant height, 5.2~5.8 leaves in the early crop and 4.9~5.2 leaves in the late crop on the main stem, 1.5~3.0 tillers in the early crop and 3.0~3.7 tillers in the late crop for the tillers per plant, 0.70~0.75 cm in the early crop and 0.51~0.59 cm in the late crop for the width of basal leaf sheath.

关 键 词：超级稻 秧苗 形态特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]