“中老龄”垃圾渗滤液重金属和氨氮的厌氧毒性  

Research of anaerobic toxicity of heavy metal and ammonia nitrogen in "mature" landfill leachate

作　　者：王艳捷[1] 邱忠平[1] 吴敏[1] 茆灿泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学生物工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2008年第10期1353-1356,共4页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：通过厌氧毒性试验(ATA)研究了"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液的重金属和氨氮对厌氧微生物的毒性抑制作用。试验结果表明,"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液中的重金属和氨氮使厌氧污泥产甲烷活性分别下降14.4%和36.7%,4倍受试渗滤液重金属浓度或4000 mg/L的氨氮浓度均可使污泥活性受到重度抑制。通过对不同浓度重金属和氨氮的厌氧毒性的关系进行回归分析,得出氨氮和重金属对厌氧微生物的IC50分别为2265 mg/L和2.9倍试验用渗滤液的重金属浓度;"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液中氨氮对厌氧污泥的毒性影响较大,高浓度重金属对厌氧污泥活性的抑制较难恢复;实际渗滤液处理工艺中,在采用厌氧工艺前,应对氨氮进行预处理以减少其对厌氧微生物的毒性作用,同时避免水质剧烈波动对厌氧处理系统的冲击。The toxicity inhibition of ammonia nitrogen and heavy metal in ＂mature＂ landfill leachate on anaerobic sludge was studied by anaerbic toxicity assay （ ATA）. The results showed that heavy metal and ammonia nitrogen made the activity of methanogenic formation bacteria decreased 14.4% and 36.7% in ＂mature＂ landfill leachate, respectively. The activity was inhibitied badly under 4 times of the concentration of heavy metal of the ＂mature＂ leachate or 4 000 mg/L ammania nitrogen. Through regression analysis of the relationship of anaerobic toxicity,the half lethal doses of ammonia nitrogen and heavy metal were 2 265 mg/L and 2.9 times of the ＂mature＂ leachate respectively. So ammonia nitrogen of ＂mature＂ landfill leachate had strongly-anaerobic-toxic effect on activity of anaerobic sludge,meanwhile the high concentration of heavy metal could severely prevent the activity of inhibited anaerobic sludge from recovery. In actual projects, it was necessary not only to reduce the toxicity to anaerobic sludge by pretreatment,but also to decrease the impact load of anaerobic treatment system by refraining water quality from fluctuating severely.

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 氨氮 重金属 厌氧毒性 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]