青藏高原高寒草甸罂粟科植物种子萌发特性研究  

The Germination Characteristics of Papaveraceae Species in the Alpine Meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：石慧珍 刘明霞[2] 许静[3] 刘坤[2] 史小明[2] 杜国祯[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘南藏族自治州合作市草原工作站,甘肃合作747000 [2]兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]兰州商学院农林经济管理学院,兰州730020

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2008年第9期1880-1884,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30470307)资助

摘　　要：对9种罂粟科植物种子在5个温度（5℃、10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃）下的萌发特性进行了研究.结果显示：（1）采自低海拔的小果博落回、秃疮花和白屈菜在15～25℃的萌发率高于5～10℃;采自高海拔的全缘叶绿绒蒿和多刺绿绒蒿达到最大萌发率的温度分别为5℃和10℃;而采自高海拔的红花绿绒蒿和五脉绿绒蒿只有通过5℃冷处理后才能萌发,表明种子的最佳萌发温度与采集地海拔相关.（2）萌发速率随温度升高增大,秃疮花和苣叶秃疮花在25℃萌发速率最大,其余种25℃的萌发速率略小于20℃的萌发速率.（3）萌发时滞表现出随温度升高而缩短的趋势,秃疮花、白屈菜和苣叶秃疮花在25℃萌发时滞最短,其余种25℃萌发时滞又长于20℃萌发时滞.（4）一年生植物多刺绿绒蒿在所有温度下的萌发率和萌发速率均最高,而萌发时滞最短,这可能是一年生植物适应特殊环境的一种对策.We focused on seed germination characteristics of 9 Papaveraceae species under 5 different temperatures, the main results are as follows ： （1） Compared with low temperature （5 - 10 ℃ ）, germination percentage of Macleya microcarpa , Dicranostigma leptopodum , Chelidonium majus and Dicranostigma lactucoides which were collected in low altitude were higher in high temperature （15 -25 ℃）. However, germination percentage of M. integrifolia and M. horridula which were collected in high altitude were the highest at low temperature （5-10℃）. M. punicea and M. quintuplinervia will not germinate without cold storage. It was suggested that the altitude of maternal plant living places had significant effects on seeds germination characters. （2）The germination rates enhanced with temperature power-up,Dicranostigrna leptopodum and Dicranostigrna lactucoides max in 25 ℃, the germination rates of other species were the rapidest at 20℃ and reduced a little hit at 25℃. （3）The germination time lag （L） decreased with the temperature increasing,the germination time lag of Dicranostigma leptopodum, Chelidonium rnajus and Dicranostigma lactucoides were most short in 25℃ but other species in 20℃. （4）Compared with other plants,the annual M. horridula under all temperatures had the maximal germination percent. The germination rate is the highest and germination time lag is the shortest. The possible explanation is that annual plant adapts to a kind of countermeasure of peculiar environment.

关 键 词：种子萌发 罂粟科植物 萌发率 萌发速率 高寒草甸 

分 类 号：Q945.34[生物学—植物学]