海涂区不同植被类型下土壤盐渍剖面及其电磁感应响应特征  

Characteristics of soil salinity profiles and their electromagnetic response under various vegetation types in coastal saline area.

作　　者：杨劲松[1] 姚荣江[1] 邹平[1] 刘广明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第10期2117-2124,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"863"计划重点项目(2007AA091702;2006AA10A301);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B04;2006BAD05B02);中国科学院南京土壤研究所创新领域前沿项目(200752010022);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX2-YW-406-3)

摘　　要：针对滨海滩涂区植被类型与土壤盐渍化间的内在联系,以黄河三角洲典型海涂区为研究对象,结合电磁感应仪EM38与田间采样,分析了不同植被类型下土壤盐渍剖面分布特征,并对各植被类型下土壤盐渍剖面的电磁感应响应特征进行了比较.结果表明:研究区土壤盐分具有较强的表聚性与变异强度,水平磁感式表观电导率(EMh)对浅层土壤盐分响应较好,而垂直磁感式表观电导率(EMv)对深层土壤盐分的响应优于EMh;土壤盐渍剖面分为表聚型、底聚型和平均型3类,表聚型盐渍剖面主要为光板地和盐蒿地,底聚型的地表植被以棉花为主,平均型主要为杂草,且土壤盐分表聚强度为光板地>盐蒿地>杂草地>棉花地;随着植被类型由棉花—杂草—盐蒿—光板地变化,各剖面的EMv/EMh值逐渐降低.经非参数检验,植被类型与电磁感应响应特征具有显著相关性,且不同植被类型的EMv/EMh分布特征差异明显.Aiming at the intrinsic relationships between vegetation type and soil salinity in coastal saline area, and by using electromagnetic induction EM38 and field sampling method, the characteristics of soil salinity profiles under various vegetation types in typical coastal saline region of the Yellow River Delta were analyzed, and the electromagnetic response characters of the salinity profiles were compared. The results showed that across the study area, soil salinity exhibited the characteristics of top enrichment and strong spatial variation. The horizontal electromagnetic conductivity EMh responded well to soil salinity at upper layers, and the response of vertical electromagnetic conductivity EMv to soil salinity at deeper layers was superior to that of EMh. Soil salinity profiles were classified into inverted, normal, and uniform types. The vegetation types of inverted salinity profiles were mainly bare land and Suaeda salsa, while those of normal and uniform salinity profiles were cotton and weed, respectively. The sequence of top enrichment intensity was bare land 〉 S. salsa land 〉 weed land 〉 cotton land. With the change of vegetation type of cotton-weed-S, salsa-bare land, the EMv/EMh value of salinity profiles decreased gradually. Nonparametric test results showed that there was a significant correlation between vegetation type and electromagnetic response characters, and the distribution characters of EMv/EMh under various vegetation types varied significantly.

关 键 词：海涂 植被类型 盐渍剖面 电磁感应仪 表观电导率 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]