基于DPSIR模型的农业土地资源持续利用评价  

Assessment of sustainable use of agricultural land resources based on DPSIR Framework

作　　者：于伯华[1] 吕昌河[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第9期53-58,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40671007);国家自然科学基金(40701046)

摘　　要：该研究以北京顺义区为例,分析农业土地资源所承受的压力;在DPSIR框架下设计25个指标,系统评价1991-2002年间农业土地资源"驱动力"、"压力"、"状态"、"影响"、"响应"指数的时空特征。时间变化上,顺义区农业土地利用变化的"驱动力"和"压力"逐步增强;系统的"状态"和"影响"呈不规则下降趋势;"响应"水平在2000年以前变化平稳,之后快速上升。空间分布上,"驱动力"高值区分布在城市化和工业化水平较高的区域,"压力"高值区分布在农业集约化水平较高的区域,系统的"状态"和"影响"具有空间"互补"的特点,"响应"与"驱动力"的空间分布基本一致。适度发展工业和城市,科学施肥与养殖、降低农业土地利用的环境影响,调整种养结构,建立"节地、节水"型农业,改善农业发展条件和提高农业土地经济产出是提高农地资源持续利用水平的有效措施。The ＂cause-effect relationship＂ is the core of the DPSIR （driving force-pressure-state-impact-response） framework, which provides an effective way to find the negative environmental effects caused by human activities. Based on the DPSIR framework, an indicator system comprising 25 indictors was designed, and applied to the case area of Shunyi District, Beijing. Firstly, main pressures on agricultural land resource were distinguished from different sectors in Shunyi District, and then, presented the application of the indicator system to the region and the results of assessment regarding each of the five aspects, i.e., the driving force, human pressure, agricultural state, environmental impact, and human response, for period from 1991 to 2002. The ＂driving force＂ and the ＂pressure＂ of agricultural land resource increased, while the ＂state＂ of agricultural system and the ＂impact＂ on other agricultural factors decreased anomalously as times went; the human ＂response＂ kept stable before 2000 while it increased obviously after that year; the integrated index of sustainability had a trend to decline. There is great difference in spatial distribution among the five indictor categories. In order to improve the sustainable development of agriculture, firstly, it needs a well-planned urbanization and industrialization planning to control the encroachment of built-up land to farmland, and thus reduces the pressure on the limited agricultural land resource; and secondly, fertilizer use and breed aquatics must be arranged scientifically to reduce its negative effects on agricultural land resource to an acceptable level. In addition, the local authorities should help to improve external conditions of agricultural development, to promote the restructuring of agricultural land use, and thus to improve the ability of profits from agriculture. This study demonstrate that the DPSIR framework is an effective way to diagnose regional problems, assess the sustainability of agricultural land use, and develop

关 键 词：可持续发展 土地利用 DPSIR概念模型 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X24