废鸡油脂制取生物柴油试验研究  

Experimental research on biodiesel production from waste chicken fat

作　　者：张晓东[1] 孟祥梅[1] 陈雷[1] 张杰[1] 孙立[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省科学院能源研究所,济南250014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第9期184-187,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2006AA05Z117);山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2007F56)

摘　　要：生物柴油作为一种绿色清洁替代型燃料,受到科研和产业界的广泛重视,原料油脂的廉价稳定供应是生物柴油产业化的关键。该文对来源于鸡肉制品加工的废鸡油作为生物柴油原料的潜力进行了探索,在NaOH催化剂作用下,通过与甲醇转酯化反应制备生物柴油。试验考察了醇油摩尔比、NaOH用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对油脂转化率的影响,并对制备的生物柴油样品进行了燃料指标分析。结果表明,炼制鸡油较为适宜的转酯化反应条件为反应温度50℃、醇油摩尔比9︰1、NaOH用量1.3%、反应时间90～120min,获得油脂转化率约90%。试验生物柴油样品多项理化指标能够满足EN14214生物柴油标准及国内0#柴油标准。As one kind of clean alternative biofuel with better engine and emission performance, biodiesel catches great enthusiasm in research and industry sectors. However, the steady supply of cheap oil resources has becoming the bottleneck for biodiesel industrilization. The potential of waste chicken fat as the feedstock for biodiesel was explored in this paper. With the variation of food structure of people, more and more waste animal fat and grease are produced, like chicken fat and beef tallow. The paper focuses on biodiesel production from waste chicken fat （WCF） with specific reference to experimental procedures and product analysis. For the relatively high acid value of WCF feedstock, transesterification combined with pre-esterification was applied for biodiesel preparation, followed by vaccum distillation. Sodium hydroxide was used as catalyst for the transesterification of oil feedstock. Factors that influence the conversion efficiency was discussed, including methanol/oil molar ratio, amount of alkaline catalyst, reaction temperature and reaction time. The relatively suitable condition obtained for the transesterification of WCF was achieved at 9：1 methanol/oil molar ratio, 1.3% catalyst, 50℃ and 90～120 minutes reaction. And the conversion of oil feedstock would be above 90%. Most characteristics of biodiesel product from WCF are compatible with EN14214 standard. But the low temperature flowability of WCF biodiesel should be improved further.

关 键 词：生物柴油 燃料 试验 炼制鸡油 催化 转酯化 

分 类 号：TQ645.1[化学工程—精细化工]