综合干预对改善健康孕妇心理状况的作用  

Effect of general intervention on the psychological state alleviation of healthy pregnant women

作　　者：丁敏[1] 俞杰[1] 沈红五[1] 顾冬梅[1] 茅志娟[1] 吴晨梅[1] 沈美云[1] 唐爱萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属医院护理部,226001

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志（中旬版）》2008年第10期1-4,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：南通市社会发展计划项目（S6815）

摘　　要：目的探讨综合干预在改善健康孕妇心理状况中的作用。方法将在产科门诊进行产前检查的怀孕28～32周的96名孕妇，随机分为对照组和干预组各48例。干预组从第1次产前检查开始，对孕妇实施综合干预措施，包括对孕妇的认知的干预、孕期行为的干预、家庭应对干预及应用自制的孕妇心理放松操等措施进行心理干预；而对照组实施常规的孕妇产前检查和宣教。并在产前和产后分别采用自编的一般状况问卷、症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行调查和分析。结果对照组产后抑郁和焦虑明显高于分娩前；干预组产后的强迫症状、人际敏感、抑郁、敌对、恐怖和偏执有明显的改善。干预组产后人际敏感、抑郁、敌对、恐怖及偏执与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），焦虑有一定的改善，但差异无统计学意义。结论分娩对健康孕妇的心理状态尤其是抑郁和焦虑影响很大，孕妇健康心理放松操等综合干预措施可以明显改善健康孕妇的心理状态，特别是抑郁情绪。Objective To explore the effect of general intervention in improving the psychological condition of healthy pregnant women. Methods Totally 96 pregnant women who made prenatal visits in our obstetrics and outpatient department were divided into the control and the intervention group stochastically. The intervention group started from first prenatal visit. The general intervention measures included cognitive intervention, the behavioral intervention, family coping intervention and psychological intervention with self-designed relaxation exercises. While conventional prenatal visit, propaganda and nursing were implemented to the control group.Self-made general questionnaire and symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90）were used to survey and analyze the results. Results Post-natal depression and anxiety of the control group was obviously higher than that of the prenatal. The Post-natal obsessive-compulsive symptom, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, terror and bigotry in the intervention group were greatly alleviated. Compared with the control group, obsessive-compulsive symptom, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility and terror of the intervention group were significantly different （P 〈 0.05）. The depression improved while the difference was not evidently different. Conclusions Delivery had great influence on the psychological status of women,especially anxiety and depression. General intervention measures like psychological relaxation exercises can improve the psychological condition of healthy pregnant women obviously,especially depression.

关 键 词：健康孕妇 心理健康状况 综合干预 孕妇放松操 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R714.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]