机构地区:[1]北京大学公共卫生学院毒理学系,北京100083 [2]北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京100083
出 处:《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2008年第5期375-381,共7页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology
基 金:北京市科技计划项目(Z0004105040311)~~
摘 要:目的研究七叶皂苷不同组分和七叶皂苷钠注射剂提取物(ESA)的肾毒性及可能的作用机制。方法以成人肾近曲小管上皮细胞(HK-2)为模型,氯化汞(HgCl2)为阳性对照,研究含七叶皂苷Ia(A)与Ib(B)的提取物(A+B)、含异七叶皂苷Ia(C)与Ib(D)提取物(C+D)、含A+B+C+D及ESA的细胞毒性以及抗氧化剂维生素C(VitC)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)对ESA毒性的拮抗作用。用MTT、法检测细胞存活率;乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放实验检测细胞膜损伤;倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学改变;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡。结果A+B,C+D、A+B+C+D和ESA分别与HK-2细胞作用24h,均显著抑制细胞的存活,并且具有良好的浓度-效应关系,半数抑制浓度(IC50)值分别为:(26.5±1.7),(35.4±2.2),(28.4±1.8)和(23.3±1.7)μmol·L^-1。A+B,A+B+C+D(60~100μmol·L^-1),C+D和ESA(40~100μmol·L^-1)分别与HK-2细胞作用24h,LDH释放率明显升高。80μmol·L^-1A+B,C+D,A+B+C+D和ESA分别与HK-2细胞作用24h,相差显微镜下可观察到细胞收缩、变圆。ESA和A+B+C+D均能导致HK-2细胞出现明显的G2/M期阻滞,同时伴有S期细胞减少,并且随着浓度的增加,G2/M期细胞所占的比例逐渐增加。抗氧化剂Vit C不能桔抗HgCl2和ESA引起的细胞损伤作用;GSH对HgCl2 30μmol·L^-1引起的细胞损伤有一定的拮抗作用,GSH对ESA30及60μmol·L^-1引起的细胞损伤均有一定的拮抗作用,但对ESA100μmol·L^-1引起的细胞损伤无拮抗作用。结论七叶皂苷对肾小管上皮细胞具有明显的毒性,七叶皂苷不同组分之间的毒性存在显著差异。氧化损伤可能是其毒性机制之一。AIM To study the nephrotoxicity induced by aescin and extract from sodium aescinate injection (ESA), and explore the protective effect of two anti-oxidants. METHODS The cytotoxicity of extract containing aescin Ia(A) and aescin Ib (B) , extract containing isoaescin Ia (C) and isoaescin Ib (D) , extract containing A + B + C + D, and ESA, and the protective effect of vitamin C (Vit C) and glutathione (GSH) were investigated in human renal tubular epithelial cell lines (HK- 2). The cell survival inhibition rate of HK-2 cells after exposure to these drugs was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; cell membrane injury was examined by detecting lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) release rate; and the morphological changes of HK-2 cells were observed with contrast microscope. Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected by PI staining, with flow cytometry. RESULTS HK-2 cell smwival was inhibited after 24 h of exposure to aescin A + B, C + D, A + B + C + D and ESA in a concentration-dependent manner. IC50ofaescin A+B, C+D, A+B+C+ D andESAwas (26.5±1.7), (35.4±2.2), (28.4±1.8) and (23.3 ±1.7)μmol· L^-1, respectively. The LDH release rate of HK-2 cells increased significantly after exposure to aescin A + B, C + D, A + B + C + D and ESA for 24 h, respectively. HK-2 cells were contracted and rounded after exposure to 80 μmol· L^-1 ofaescinA+B, C+D, A+B+C+Dand ESA for 24 h. Vit C can not antagonize the cell injury induced by HgC12 and ESA; GSH had obvious protection against cell injury induced by HgC12 30 μmol· L^-1 and ESA 30, 60 μmol· L^-1, but showed no protection against that induced by ESA 100μmol· L^-1. The results of flow cytometric analysis indicated that aescin ESA and A + B + C + D had significant effect on HK-2 cell cycle, but showed no evidence of inducing apoptosis. CONCLUSION Aescin has significant toxicity on HK-2 cells, and the cytotoxicity of different components of aescin varies
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