参照系整合条件下的空间方位判断  

Spatial Direction Judgements Based on Integrating of Spatial References

作　　者：周荣刚[1] 张侃[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院管理科学与工程系,北京100083 [2]中国科学院心理研究所脑与认知国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2008年第5期386-391,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30800304)

摘　　要：目的考察空间方位判断(物体方位判断和前行方向判断)如何受目标物体位置和观察者前行方向的影响。方法采用4个组内设计的实验,分别以视图和记忆基础上的物体方位判断和前行方向判断作为实验任务;因变量以判断时间为主;被试者为80名大学生。结果1)0°(前)和180°位置(后)优势效应、朝北优势效应(除实验3以外)和正方向R90°位置(左/右)优势效应明显;2)实验1和实验2、实验3和实验4在判断时间上没有显著差异;实验3和实验4中定位所用时间没有明显差异,但都长于判断时间。结论这两种判断受前行方向和目标位置的影响模式总体上是一致的,一定程度上不会因为信息载体和获取方式上的不同而改变。Objective To investigate how target position and observer＇ s heading affect spatial direction judgement （object locating judgement vs. orienting judgement）. Methods Based on visual spatial scene and spatial memory, localization judgement and orientation judgement were used as tasks in four subjects-within experiments respectively. The data of response time were collected as the main dependent variables, and the total, 80 subjects （40 female）, participated in the study. Results 1） 0° （front） and 180° （back） advantage effect, north advantage effect （ expect for Exp. 3）, and cardinal direction R90° position advantage effect were significant; 2） There was no significant difference on response time between Exp. 1 and 2, and between Exp. 3 and 4 ; no significant difference on time used for location was found between Exp. 3 and 4, but each of them was longer than its corresponding response time for judgement task. Conclusion The effect modes of heading and target position are all consistent between the two types of spatial direction judgements, and the effect modes will not be changed according to differences in information medium and processing.

关 键 词：空间方位判断 前行方向判断 自我参照系 环境参照系 

分 类 号：R857.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]