聚酰胺-胺星形聚醚原油破乳剂的合成与性能  

SYNTHESIS AND PERFORMANCE OF A STAR-SHAPED PAMAM POLYETHER DEMULSIFIER

作　　者：周继柱 张巍[1] 檀国荣[2] 赵玉竹[1] 张璟瑛[1] 龚凡 王金本[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学材料科学与化学工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《精细石油化工》2008年第5期5-9,共5页Speciality Petrochemicals

基　　金：国家十一五863项目“渤海油田聚合物驱提高采收率技术研究”资助课题(2007AA090701-2)

摘　　要：以1.0G、2.0G、3.0G 乙二胺为核制备了星形大分子聚酰胺-胺,并与环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷进行烷氧基化反应制备了一系列具有多分支结构的二嵌段聚醚类破乳剂。采用浊点法测定了系列破乳剂的亲水亲油平衡值,单滴法测量了降低油水界面膜强度的能力,针对油包水型原油乳状液进行了破乳性能研究。结果表明:该系列聚醚破乳剂具有良好的界面活性,对油包水型原油乳状液脱水率超过90%,具有良好的破乳性能和适应性;破乳剂起始剂聚酰胺-胺代数越高,分支越多,所合成的聚醚破乳剂性能越好;随着聚酰胺-胺的代数及破乳剂质量浓度的增加,油滴液膜排液时间缩短,半生命期减小,破裂速率常数增大。A series of dendritic diblock polyether demulsifiers were prepared with 1.0 to 3.0 G starshaped polyamidoamine （PAMAM） as initiator, PPO poly（propylene oxide） and PEO poly（ethylene oxide） as arms. The HLB （hydrophilic-hypophilic balance） value was measured by cloud point method and the ability of the demulsifier to reduce the tension of oil-water interface film was measured by a single-drop method. The demulsiying capability of these O/W emulsion were studied. The results showed that these high-branched demulsifiers have very high interfacial activity with the dehydration rate reaching 90% for crude oil emulsion, showing good demulsification performance and adaptability. The emulsification performance improved as the gengration of the PAMAM initiator and branched grade increased. With the increase of gengration of PAMAM and the concentration of the demulsifier, the clean-up time of liquid membrane and half time decreased, and the cracking rate constant of oil drop increased.

关 键 词：破乳剂 聚酰胺-胺 星形结构 原油乳状液 油水分离 乙二胺 

分 类 号：TE869[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] TQ638[化学工程—精细化工]