湖南东江水库流域水汽特征及人工增雨潜力分析  

Analysis of Water Vapor Characteristic and Precipitation Potentiality over Dongjiang Reservoir in Hunan

作　　者：张中波[1] 唐林[1] 王治平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人工影响天气办公室,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第26期11553-11555,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：东江水库供水期人工增雨可行性研究项目;湖南省气象局重点科研课题(200622)共同资助

摘　　要：利用湖南省东江水库流域境内的郴州探空站1995～2004年1～12月每日2个时段（北京时间08：00和20：00）的观测数据，以及郴州、桂东、资兴和汝城4县气象台站1995～2004年1～12月的地面雨量资料，应用传统的大气分层方法，计算并分析了流域上空的水汽量月变化，水汽交换次数及更新率，水汽总通量及人工增雨潜力。结果表明，流域空中水汽量年平均值为3．79g/cm^2，极大值为6．35g/cm^2，出现在7月；极小值为2．02g/cm^2，出现在12月；从季节变化来看，夏季水汽最为丰富，为5．53g/cm^2，春季次之，冬季最少；而春季水汽更新率最快，仅需6．6d；水汽总通量与降水总量的差异在夏季（6～8月）相当显著，若在此期间充分开展人工增雨作业，可能给水库增加蓄水总量达1．17—2．94亿t。Using sounding data observed everyday at 08 and 20 o＇clock at Chenzhou and surface rainfall data of meteorological stations at Chenzhou, Guidong, Zixing, Rucheng during 1995 to 2004, monthly water vapor content was calculated and analyzed by traditional atmosphere differential method as well as its exchange times, renewal rate, total flux and precipitation potentiality. The results showed that the yearly water vapor content over Dongiiang area was 3.79 g/cm^2, with its maximum being 6.35 g/cm in July and minimum being 2.02 g/cm^2 in December. As for seasonal change, it was 5.53 g/cm^2 in summer, which was the most abundant in the whole year, following with that in spring. And the least was in winter. In spring water vapor renewal rate was only 6.6 d, which was the fastest. The difference between the total water vapor flux and total precipitation was obvious in summer （from June to August）. If all potential clouds over reservoir were seeded in this period, about 117 -294 million ton water could reached in Dongjiang Reservoir.

关 键 词：东江水库 水汽特征 增雨潜力 

分 类 号：S273[农业科学—农业水土工程]