油茶优良杂交组合选育研究  

Selective Breeding of Elite Crossbred Siblings of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：陈永忠[1] 王德斌 彭邵锋[1] 王湘南[1] 杨小胡[1] 李党训[1] 黄展鹏 

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省平江县林业局,湖南平江410400

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2008年第4期27-35,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业局“油茶两系杂交新技术育种”(94-01-02);油茶优良品系区域化试验(2004-01)等项目内容

摘　　要：在油茶优树无性系的基础上开展杂交选择育种.通过杂交子代和亲本无性系的对比试验,在参试的41个全同胞子代中选育出XLH13等5个优良杂交组合;平均每公顷产油450.76～600.65kg,比对照增产30.0%～100.8%.对各优良杂交组合的主要经济性状研究发现:优良杂交组合在不同的经济性状上分别相对其亲本无性系来说,表现出不同程度上的杂种优势;油茶优良杂交组合子代间存在分化现象,通过集团选择后再在优良杂交组合中选育优良单株应能获得更高的增益;入选群体与参试的同类群体间,在树体冠幅上差异不大,但产果量却比参试平均值高22%以上;入选群体的平均单株产果量和平均冠幅大小排序:系间杂交子代>半同胞家系子代>亲本无性系.Hybridization is employed on the basis of superior clones of Camellia oleifera. 5 elite crossbreds have been selected out of 41 by hybrid screening trial respectively along with relative half-siblings and with the clones of hybrid parents as controls. Their yearly capacity is among 450. 76- 600. 65 kg/hm^2, with a percentage of 30. 0%- 100. 8% over the control. Studies, of the yield properties of the hybrids and the concerned colonies in the trial, show that the elite crossbreds have some heterosis to their parents on different economic properties. The progenies of the hybrids also show some differentiation on the economic properties and higher improvement can be gained by a single-tree selection in the elite colonies. The fruit output of the elite hybrids is 22 % higher than that of the trial mean, although their tree crown is not so different in breadth. As to their average fruit output and crown breadth per tree, hybrids〉half siblings〉parent clones.

关 键 词：油茶 杂交育种 优良杂交组合 经济性状 产量结构 

分 类 号：S794.404[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.33[农业科学—林学]